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Diseases of Infancy and Childhood
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Infantile acne typically presents later than neonatal acne. It may occur anytime between 6 weeks and 1 year of age. It is more frequent in males. It shows typical acneiform lesions, including open or closed comedones, inflammatory papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts (Figure 30.10). It generally affects the face and to a lesser extent, the chest or back. In contrast to neonatal acne, infantile acne may be persistent, lasting from 6 months to several years.
Skin problems in infancy and old age
Published in Ronald Marks, Richard Motley, Common Skin Diseases, 2019
It is not uncommon for infants a few months old to develop seborrhoea, comedones, superficial papules and pustules on the face (Fig. 16.5). Deep inflammatory nodules or cysts are very uncommon but do occur rarely. This infantile acne has no special significance, other than that maternal androgens have caused the infant’s sebaceous glands to enlarge and become more active. When the disorder develops in later infancy and is severe, the possibility of virilization due to an endocrine tumour or adrenocortical hyperplasia has to be considered. Other signs of androgen overactivity, such as precocious muscle development and male distribution of facial and body hair, should be sought as indicators of this much more serious problem. Although the disorder usually subsides within a few weeks, it can be unpleasantly persistent.
Basic dermatology in children and adolescents
Published in Joseph S. Sanfilippo, Eduardo Lara-Torre, Veronica Gomez-Lobo, Sanfilippo's Textbook of Pediatric and Adolescent GynecologySecond Edition, 2019
Kalyani Marathe, Kathleen Ellison
Acne is a very common condition of the pilosebaceous unit of the skin, affecting around 95% of the population in Western cultures, and usually peaking in adolescence.33 Numerous factors, including genetics, hormones, and the presence of Propionibacterium acnes, contribute to the development of acne. An increase in dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) correlates with the onset of acne in prepubertal or pubescent females. Increased androgen production leads to sebaceous gland enlargement and greater amounts of sebum production.51 Benign cephalic pustulosis (often called by its misnomer, neonatal acne) can occur during the first 3 months of life and is due to the influence of maternal androgens and Malassezia yeast. It will resolve without treatment as the maternal hormones become less active with time. Infantile acne, which develops around 6–16 months of age, is uncommon. Unlike neonatal acne, infantile acne has true comedones and can result in scarring. Thus, treatment with topical acne products is indicated, and patients refractory to treatment should be referred to dermatology.33
Topical ketoconazole: a systematic review of current dermatological applications and future developments
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2019
Franchesca D. Choi, Margit L.W. Juhasz, Natasha Atanaskova Mesinkovska
Case reports show that topical KTZ is also an effective option to treat a variety of other fungal infections including tinea nigra (110,111), Pityrosporum-related infantile acne (75), and corneal ulcers due to Papulaspora equi (112). Since KTZ has anti-inflammatory, sebum-lowering, and barrier-restoring effects, its possible potential applications include acne, AD, psoriasis, and rosacea (2).