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Bacterial, Mycobacterial, and Spirochetal (Nonvenereal) Infections
Published in Ayşe Serap Karadağ, Lawrence Charles Parish, Jordan V. Wang, Roxburgh's Common Skin Diseases, 2022
Clinical presentation: There are a number of cutaneous manifestations, such as nail infection leading to green nail syndrome (Figure 6.10), interdigital infection, folliculitis, ear infections, subcutaneous nodules, ecthyma gangrenosum, and severe skin and soft tissue infection. Spa-pool or hot-tub folliculitis represents follicular inflammation due to bathing in heated and infected water. This can create a red, itchy, tender, and pustular dermatitis within a few hours or days. Immunocompromised individuals have occasionally developed bacterial emboli that create hemorrhagic erythematous lesions. They can create gangrenous ulcerations with a black scab and surrounding erythema (Figure 6.11).
Role of Bacteria in Dermatological Infections
Published in K. Balamurugan, U. Prithika, Pocket Guide to Bacterial Infections, 2019
Thirukannamangai Krishnan Swetha, Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
P. aeruginosa, a ubiquitous gram-negative, rod-shaped and highly motile aerobic bacterium is the part of normal skin microflora that innocuously colonizes the human skin, mouth, and some nonsterile regions of healthy individuals. But at suitable predisposing conditions, it could effectively infect any region of the body it comes into contact, thus behaving as an opportunistic pathogen (Cogen et al., 2008). It is encountered predominantly in hot-tub folliculitis and acute and chronic wound and burn wound infections, which are reported to be associated with higher risk of morbidity and mortality (Percival et al., 2012; Serra et al., 2015).
Infections of the Skin, Soft Tissues, Joints and Bone
Published in Keith Struthers, Clinical Microbiology, 2017
An outline of the structure of the skin and a range of skin infections including impetigo, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, infection of the hair follicles, ecthyma, erysipelas and cellulitis is shown in Figure 13.5a–d. Hot-tub folliculitis is caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Outbreaks have occurred amongst groups of young children using an inadequately cleaned plastic paddling pool in warm summer weather.
The Sweet syndrome as a cutaneous manifestation of Crohn’s disease
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2020
Syed A. Huda, Sara Kahlown, Muhammad Hashim Jilani, Syed H. Alam, Sana Riaz, Mostafa Vasigh, Bashar Sharma
A 29-year-old man with known CD involving the ascending colon that was well controlled on mesalamine and infliximab presented to his primary care physician with a new skin rash. Given his history of using a hot tub at the gym, he was diagnosed with hot tub folliculitis and sent home on a 10-day course of oral ciprofloxacin. He continued to have new eruptions, however, so went to the emergency room. At presentation, his blood pressure was 124/76 mm Hg; heart rate, 85 beats/minute; and temperature, 38°C. He had numerous erythematous papules on the chest and back (Figure 1) and a few pustules around hair follicles on the arms. There was no rash on the lower extremities. The white blood cell count was 15,000/μL of blood with neutrophilic predominance (absolute neutrophil count of 12,300). The sedimentation rate was 63 mm/h (reference 0 to 20 mm/h), and C-reactive protein was 11.2 mg/L (reference 0 to 0.8 mg/L). Varicella infection was diagnosed, and he was started on intravenous valacyclovir while viral serology was pending. He continued to be febrile with new lesions appearing on the face and torso. The varicella zoster virus and herpes simplex virus polymerase chain reaction, viral cultures, fungal cultures, hepatitis panel, human immunodeficiency virus, and rapid plasma reagin tests were negative.