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Monographs of fragrance chemicals and extracts that have caused contact allergy / allergic contact dermatitis
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Results of testing in groups of selected patients (e.g. geriatric nurses with occupational contact dermatitis, individuals with eyelid dermatitis, patients with stasis dermatitis, female hairdressers and their clients, patients suspected of fragrance or cosmetic allergy) are shown in table 3.71.2. Frequencies of sensitization have ranged from 1.7% to 19%. The latter high rate was observed in patients with eyelid dermatitis (6). Other high frequencies of sensitization were observed in patients with former skin symptoms provoked by scented products in the case history (17.2% [3]), physical therapists (13.0% [68]), patients suspected of fragrance or cosmetic allergy (9.3% [2]), geriatric nurses with occupational contact dermatitis (8.2% [64]) and nurses with occupational contact dermatitis (7.4% [26]). Prevalence rates of sensitization to FM II were significantly higher than in control groups in patients with adult atopic dermatitis (63), geriatric nurses (64), patients with stasis dermatitis / chronic leg ulcers (30), and physical therapists (68). Specific causative products were never mentioned.
Chloramphenicol
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
During the 2-year period April 1992 to March 1994, in a hospital in the United Kingdom, 63 (7%) of 865 patients patch tested had dermatitis of the face and 25 (3%) eyelid dermatitis. In the latter group, 2 patients had relevant reactions to chloramphenicol versus zero in the group with facial dermatitis. The culprit products were not mentioned, but must likely have been eye drops or ointments (38).
Contact Dermatitis
Published in Pudupakkam K Vedanthan, Harold S Nelson, Shripad N Agashe, PA Mahesh, Rohit Katial, Textbook of Allergy for the Clinician, 2021
Eyelid dermatitis (Fig. 26.1) is most commonly due to ACD in one-half to two thirds of cases; culprits include fragrances (from facial tissues, cosmetics), preservatives, nickel (eyelash curlers), thiuram (rubber sponges, masks, balloons, toys), cocamidopropylbetaine and amidoamine (shampoos), tosylamide formaldehyde resin (nail polish) and gold (Rietschel et al. 2007). ICD accounts for 15% of eyelid dermatitis, AD accounts for less than 10%, and approximately 4% is attributed to seborrheic dermatitis (Ayala et al. 2003). Facial dermatitis can also be caused by allergens transferred from other parts of the body or from partners and caregivers. Rarely, facial dermatitis may also result from airborne allergens including pollens (Beltrani et al. 2006).
Punctal stenosis associated with dupilumab therapy for atopic dermatitis
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Debora H. Lee, Liza M. Cohen, Michael K. Yoon, Jeremiah P. Tao
A 31-year old man with severe, refractory AD treated with dupilumab was referred for evaluation of irritation, redness, and tearing of both eyes for approximately 6 months. Notably, symptoms of tearing had developed 2 weeks after the onset of irritation and redness. He had started biweekly dupilumab 300 mg injections for AD 1 year prior and had recently initiated topical prednisolone acetate 1% for his ocular symptoms. Clinical exam revealed bilateral eyelid dermatitis with edema, conjunctival injection, and four severely stenotic puncta (Figure 2). Lacrimal irrigation was not possible due to the severity of stenosis; however, insufficient tear drainage was diagnosed on dye disappearance and Jones I tests (i.e. flow of fluorescein dye through the lacrimal drainage system was found to be inadequate). Given his preference in continuing dupilumab due to otherwise refractory AD, the patient agreed to reassess after resolution of conjunctivitis, for which erythromycin and artificial tears were added. One month later, ocular symptoms persisted, and mild ectropion had developed bilaterally. Patient preferred to add topical prednisolone acetate 0.12% for conjunctivitis and to consider ectropion repair and punctoplasty with silicone stent intubation if epiphora persisted. Over two additional months of follow-up however, his symptoms remained severe and largely unresolved with eyedrops providing only mild relief.
A practical algorithm for topical treatment of atopic dermatitis in the Middle East emphasizing the importance of sensitive skin areas
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2019
Ashraf M. Reda, Ayman Elgendi, Ahmed Ismail Ebraheem, Mohammed S. Aldraibi, Mohammed Saleh Qari, Magdy Mohammad R. Abdulghani, Thomas Luger
In a shorter-term clinical study, a significantly greater proportion of adolescents and adults were cleared or almost cleared of facial AD (47% Vs 16%, p < .001) and achieved clearance of eyelid dermatitis (45% Vs 19%, p < .001) after 6 weeks of treatment with pimecrolimus compared with vehicle (35). Similarly, 6 weeks of pimecrolimus treatment in children led to a greater proportion of patients being cleared or almost cleared of facial AD compared with vehicle (75% Vs 51%, p < .001) (36). Furthermore, in a real-life study of 947 AD patients, pimecrolimus was highly effective for the treatment of facial AD when used at the first signs or symptoms of the disease, with over 40% of patients in all age groups with AD of different severities being clear or almost clear of facial AD after 6 months (37).
Dupilumab for the treatment of adolescents with atopic dermatitis
Published in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology, 2020
Sonja Senner, Marlene Seegräber, Surina Frey, Benjamin Kendziora, Laurie Eicher, Andreas Wollenberg
Topical calcineurin inhibitors can be applied without the risk of skin atrophy. This is an advantage especially when anti-inflammatory treatment is required in facial and eyelid dermatitis, as well as in children needing long-term anti-inflammatory therapy. Topical calcineurin inhibitors can be used to treat acute flare-ups. Topical tacrolimus is the only drug specifically licensed for proactive, long-term maintenance therapy of AD [19]. Pimecrolimus 1% and tacrolimus 0.03% are approved for children aged two years or older. Tacrolimus 1% is more effective and approved for patients aged 16 years or older [11,12,15].