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Skin infections
Published in Ronald Marks, Richard Motley, Common Skin Diseases, 2019
Plantar warts are painful, some warts are irritating, and all warts are unsightly and aggravating. They are a particular problem in immunosuppressed patients. In one congenital condition, plane warts spread extensively on the arms, face, trunk and limbs and some lesions can transform to squamous cell carcinoma. This rare disorder, known as epidermodysplasia verruciformis, seems to have its basis in a disorder of delayed hypersensitivity.
Malignant tumors
Published in Archana Singal, Shekhar Neema, Piyush Kumar, Nail Disorders, 2019
SCC is very frequent in light-skinned Caucasians. Most SCCs develop in sun-exposed skin as hard keratotic nodules with a tendency to ulcerate. They are very common in organ transplant recipients32 and other immunodeficiency states such as epidermodysplasia verruciformis. In the nail unit, SCCs occur in subungual location, on the proximal or lateral nail folds, and very rarely in the hyponychium/finger pulp region. The common sign of subungual SCC is onycholysis with oozing—a sign shared with subungual Bowen’s and rarely other subungual diseases. Bleeding and formation of a nodule or ulceration indicate invasion (Figures 27.6 through 27.8). Bone invasion is rare.33 Metastases have been observed in SCC patients with ectodermal dysplasia,34 but more recently also independently.35 Removal of the overlying onycholytic nail plate is essential to make the diagnosis (Figure 27.6). The diagnostic delay may be up to 40 years.36 Treatment of choice of subungual SCC is microscopically controlled surgery (Figure 27.7).
Cidofovir and Brincidofovir
Published in M. Lindsay Grayson, Sara E. Cosgrove, Suzanne M. Crowe, M. Lindsay Grayson, William Hope, James S. McCarthy, John Mills, Johan W. Mouton, David L. Paterson, Kucers’ The Use of Antibiotics, 2017
Graciela Andrei, Robert Snoeck
Although CDV has been reported to be ineffective in the treatment of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (a rare inherited disease characterized by widespread HPV infection of the skin) (Preiser et al., 2000), a more recent study documented its efficacy when administered topically against epidermodysplasia verruciformis caused by novel HPV types (Darwich et al., 2011).
Our experience using 1064 nm Nd:YAG in palmoplantar warts
Published in Journal of Cosmetic and Laser Therapy, 2022
Hai Thi Thu Le, Cuong Truong Van, Minh Nguyen Thi, Firas Al-Niaimi
Cutaneous warts are benign lesions that occur in the mucosa and skin caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) and are one of the commonly seen benign cutaneous tumors in daily medical practice. At present, over 100 subtypes of HPV have been identified. The primary manifestations of HPV infection include common warts, genital warts, flat warts, palmoplantar warts, focal epithelial hyperplasia, epidermodysplasia verruciformis, and plantar cysts. Palmoplantar warts are typically caused by HPV subtype 1 (most common) followed by subtypes 2, 3, 4, 27, and 57, occurring in both males and females of various ages (1). Prevalence is highest in school-aged children, students, and manual laborers and may be transmitted by direct or indirect contact. In general, the lesions are asymptomatic, with the occasional pain experienced with the application of pressure. Warts can spontaneously disappear without treatment. In children, about half resolve within a year, and about two-thirds disappear within 2 years. It may take longer for warts to clear up for adults, with 5–10 years reported in some patients (2). Plantar warts are frequently symptomatic with pressure pain and can have an adverse effect on the quality of life (3, 4). The painful and uncomfortable feeling associated with plantar warts in particular during prolonged walking and standing is often a reason for seeking treatment.
Diagnostic techniques in HPV infections and the need to implement them in plantar lesions: A systematic review
Published in Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, 2021
Alberto Aldana-Caballero, Felix Marcos-Tejedor, Raquel Mayordomo
Based on the evidence of oncogenicity, HPV types can also be classified into High-risk types (HR types), such as HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, and Low-risk types (LR types), which are those with limited evidence or no risk of being cancer producing. However, HPV types affecting the skin can also evolve into malignant lesions, as reported with types including HPV 5 and 8, normally benign, in cases of epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) [1,3,4], a condition that increases susceptibility to some HPV types due to mutations mainly in EVER/TMC6 and EVER2/TMC8 genes, causing impaired cell-mediated immunity against HPV infection [5].
Efficacy of new class I medical device for actinic keratoses: a randomized controlled prospective study
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Federica Veronese, Elisa Zavattaro, Gionathan Orioni, Gianluca Landucci, Vanessa Tarantino, Chiara Airoldi, Paola Savoia
The study population comprised of 90 Caucasian patients: 62 immunocompetent and 28 OTRs. Inclusion criteria were age >50 years and clinical evidence of AKs (grade I and II) on the face and scalp; exclusion criteria were represented by the incapacity to apply independently the products or by genetic disorders conditioning the development of Non-Melanoma Skin Cancer (i.e. Gorlin-Goltz syndrome, Xeroderma Pigmentosum, Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis). OTRs group included patients with kidney’s transplant and immunosuppressive treatment for at least 5 years.