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Hands & Feet
Published in Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard, Differential Diagnosis in Dermatology, 2021
Richard Ashton, Barbara Leppard
Acute eczema resulting in blistering on the palms and soles is termed pompholyx (or dyshidrotic eczemaUSA). Because of the thickened stratum corneum, the epidermal blisters persist and appear as tiny grey-white ‘grains’ within the skin. Eventually they burst and erosions occur. Sometimes, pompholyx can occur as an isolated episode which then resolves spontaneously.
Contact allergy to and allergic contact dermatitis from fragrances: a brief review
Published in Anton C. de Groot, Monographs in Contact Allergy, 2021
Dyshidrotic eruptions and widespread eruptions are ascribed to ingestion of spices, notably in patients reacting to Myroxylon pereirae resin (systemic contact dermatitis, hematogenic contact dermatitis). Inhalation of high concentrations of fragrance contact allergens may also cause manifest hematogenic contact dermatitis in some individuals (160). Atopic dermatitis located at other body sites, perianal dermatitis and vulvar dermatitis may also be complicated by fragrance allergy. Allergic contact dermatitis in patients with psoriasis may present with a mixed dermatitis – psoriasis picture from the Köbner phenomenon (130). Fragrances present in topical pharmaceutical preparations such as corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs, wound healing, antiseptic-disinfectant, and antihemorrhoidal preparations, can cause iatrogenic allergic contact dermatitis (17,20).
The Esophagus
Published in E. George Elias, CRC Handbook of Surgical Oncology, 2020
Although there are no common genetic markers for the development of carcinoma of the esophagus, there are well-documented cases in certain genetic disorders. Tylosis is an autosomal-dominant disease which is characterized by symmetrical patchy thickening of the skin of the soles of the feet and the palms of the hands. These patchy areas of skin exhibit scaling, Assuring, and dyshidrosis. Such patients and their family are at a high risk of developing carcinomas of the esophagus.
Dupilumab use in dermatologic conditions beyond atopic dermatitis – a systematic review
Published in Journal of Dermatological Treatment, 2021
Aleksi J. Hendricks, Gil Yosipovitch, Vivian Y. Shi
Chronic hand eczema (CHE) is a common and debilitating condition with significant diagnostic and management challenges. Clinical manifestations are highly variable, but involve intensely pruritic and painful areas of erythema, edema and fissuring, causing a significant negative impact on patients’ activity level and quality of life (30). It is a heterogenous diagnosis encompassing several etiologies, including allergic and irritant contact dermatitis (often occupational or household exposures) and atopic hand dermatitis, with morphologic classifications including dyshidrotic (vesicular) and hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis (31). Treatment approaches for CHE include allergen or irritant avoidance along with topical corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors and janus kinase inhibitors, as well as systemic therapies including retinoids and traditional immunosuppressive agents (32). Treatment for the hyperkeratotic subtype involves topical keratolytics such as urea, ammonium lactate and salicylic acid, and systemic retinoids including acitretin and alitretinoin (32).
Syringobulbia: A delayed complication following spinal cord injury – case report
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2019
Christina Mousele, Miltiadis Georgiopoulos, Constantine Constantoyannis
It is remarkable that syringomyelia can be responsible for dyshidrosis (hyperhidrosis and hypohidrosis), as well as other disorders of the autonomic nervous system. According to the literature, hyperhidrosis is caused by stimulation, and therefore, hyperactivity of sympathetic preganglionic neurons (SPGNs). At present, two possible mechanisms leading to the hyperactivity of the SPGNs have been suggested. The first mechanism claims that the SPGNs are directly stimulated by minimal tissue damage, while the second supports the idea that the damage caused to the inhibitory local interneurons located in the vicinity of the SPGNs, and their consequent disinhibition, is the responsible factor. In either case, the hyperactivity of the SPGNs exists as long as the disability is mild. However, as the disease progresses the hyperactivity gradually decreases, shifts to normal activity, and is finally substituted with hypoactivity due to the progressive and irreversible damage to the SPGNs.13
The emerging role of dupilumab in dermatological indications
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2021
Maddalena Napolitano, Adriana Di Guida, Mariateresa Nocerino, Gabriella Fabbrocini, Cataldo Patruno
High efficacy and tolerability profile of dupilumab has allowed its use in a broad spectrum of skin diseases. In fact, there are isolated reports of the effective use of dupilumab in the treatment of dyshidrotic eczema (DE), Netherton disease (ND), photodermatoses (PD), papuloerythroderma of Ofuji (PEO), eosinophilic annular erythema (EAE), epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa (EBP). dyshidrotic eczema (DE) is a difficult condition to treat, as it is often associated with an inadequate response to topical and systemic treatment. To date, 19 DE patients have been successfully treated with dupilumab [117–120].