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The Initial Judgment and Repeating and Modifying Aesthetic Toxin Treatments
Published in Yates Yen-Yu Chao, Optimizing Aesthetic Toxin Results, 2022
In practice, injectable fillers and cosmetic surgical procedures are often combined with botulinum toxin injections. For patients who have additional foreign volume within the tissue, toxin doses and treatment patterns would need to be modified to avoid aggregating the superficially deposited foreign substances. Some errors in filler treatment could be helped by minimal doses of toxin to mask the problems of uneven distribution, focal filler accumulation, wrong layering of injections, and filler-related poor contours. Surgeries may change structural tissue planes. The depth of toxin injection should be modified in surgical patients as well. Tissue trimming surgeries solve the problem of tissue redundancy, allowing more flexible toxin administration. Toxin conversely helps these surgeries to relieve the muscles, facilitating wound healing, and to camouflage surgical imperfections.
Cosmetic procedures
Published in Melanie Latham, Jean V. McHale, The Regulation of Cosmetic Procedures, 2020
Melanie Latham, Jean V. McHale
We use the more widely utilized term in clinical practice of ‘cosmetic surgery’ rather than ‘aesthetic surgery’ throughout the book.15 Cosmetic surgery is a procedure that is rarely available to National Health Service (NHS) patients in England as it is considered non-therapeutic and is something that has to be paid for privately.16 As with plastic surgery, however, cosmetic surgery also involves invasive treatment, which breaks the skin, requires anaesthesia and possibly blood transfusions. Such procedures include surgery on the: breast (reduction, augmentation, lift, insertion of implants); face (‘lifting’ of the face or brow, nose ‘rhinoplasty’, eyelid blepharoplasty, chin or cheek implants); abdomen (liposuction, ‘tummy tuck’); buttocks and legs (liposuction). In contrast to plastic surgery, cosmetic surgery is typically carried out as a response to a consumer’s request for the aesthetic enhancement of his or her body by a surgeon and is non-therapeutic in that sense.17 However, the idea that cosmetic procedures can also sometimes answer a clinical need, by improving psychological ‘well-being’, has gained ground in recent years.18
Postoperative recovery and care
Published in Bipin Deshpande, Dermatologic Surgery with Radiofrequency, 2018
All patients are very impatient. They expect to recover very fast. Many do not understand the importance of wound care and follow-up. Many patients think that once the surgical procedure is complete, everything is done and the rest of the things will follow automatically. Hence, I feel it is our responsibility to explain and emphasize upon their minds that surgery is only the first half of the process. If patients wish to recover fast and best, they should understand the importance of proper postoperative wound care. Simultaneously, when patients expect a good cosmetic result, it is equally important for them to understand that wound healing until new skin formation (reepithelialization) is just 1 to 2 weeks, whereas the new scar formation process (collagen remodeling stage) lasts for 45 to 60 days depending upon the area of the body. If postoperative advice is not properly followed, the possibility of ugly scarring increases. Hence, I always incorporate this information about postoperative care and follow-up in all my informed consent forms, which I always explain to my patients in detail beforehand. I have worried about my illiterate and poor patients not following instructions and thus getting into trouble, but this has happened very occasionally with them, because even if they are unable to read they listen to verbal advice very carefully and follow meticulously. In contrast, some of the well-off, aristocratic, well-read, well-informed patients do not follow postoperative advice and care properly, and may land into trouble with scarring.
Survey of ptosis practice patterns among surgeons in Asia Pacific Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (APSOPRS)
Published in Orbit, 2023
Nicole Shu-Wen Chan, Stephanie Young, Hunter KL Yuen, Raoul D Henson
The ideal age for congenital ptosis repair is also controversial. The cosmetic and functional outcomes of congenital ptosis surgery has been reported to differ depending on the child’s age.53,54 In our survey, approximately a third of respondents opt to wait until the child is >4 years of age (38.5%). This is likely when the child is more able to cooperate with examination and has lower risk of anaesthetic-related complications. In addition, there is sufficient length for the harvesting of autogenous fascia lata when the child is at least 4 years of age. A third of respondents would advise ptosis surgery before primary school (35.1%). This is more of a practical reason. Although school attendance and learning is largely unaffected by ptosis surgery, minimising the eyelid asymmetry before school-going years may reduce the psychosocial impact of the ptosis on the child. The remaining third (30.2%) of respondents would perform surgery for cosmetic concerns at any age. Regardless of the age or indication for ptosis surgery, the importance of follow-up with the paediatric ophthalmologists should be emphasised to the parents, as refractive error and/or amblyopia may persist or even develop postoperatively.52
Intravesical electromotive administration of botulinum toxin type A in improving the bladder and bowel functions: Evidence for novel mechanism of action
Published in The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine, 2021
Abdol-Mohammad Kajbafzadeh, Hamed Ahmadi, Laleh Montaser-Kouhsari, Shabnam Sabetkish, Sanam Ladi-Seyedian, Masoud Sotoudeh
Botulinum toxin (BTX) is the strongest natural lethal protein and neurotoxin, which is produced by an anaerobic, rod-shaped bacterium called Clostridium botulinum. Botox, as one of its trade names, is used for numerous cosmetic and medical procedures. Among several subtypes of BTX, only types A and B have shown promising widespread results in many neuromuscular disorders. BTX binds rapidly and tightly to the intramuscular nerve terminals and causes a prolonged local effect. Each serotype of the BTX affects one or more proteins, which are involved in the process of acetylcholine release in the synaptic gap. Botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) is internalized in synaptic vesicles, which are recycled in the terminal axons. BoNTA is currently used to treat lower urinary tract dysfunction, especially in patients with neuropathic overactive bladder (OAB).1–3
Cosmetic Procedures and Mental Health: A Double-Edged Sword?
Published in Issues in Mental Health Nursing, 2020
Michelle Cleary, Toby Raeburn, Catherine Hungerford
In the twenty-first century, many of the changes that are made by people to improve their appearance are less temporary than in past times. As already noted, cosmetic procedures can be both invasive and non-invasive, with the former achieving permanent changes to the body. Specifically, invasive cosmetic surgery has been defined as any procedure “where the primary intention is to achieve what the patient perceives to be a more desirable appearance and where the procedure involves changes to bodily features that have a normal appearance on presentation to the doctor” (Dean et al., 2018, p. 95). Importantly, this differs to surgery undertaken with the intent to achieve a normal appearance in cases where there are “congenital defects, developmental abnormalities, trauma, infection, tumours or disease” that does not meet the above cosmetic surgery definition (Dean et al., 2018, p. 95).