China
Africa
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The dental prosthesis
Published in Marshall Joseph Becker, Jean MacIntosh Turfa, The Etruscans and the History of Dentistry, 2017
Marshall Joseph Becker, Jean MacIntosh Turfa
Removal of front teeth has in some cultures been considered aesthetically pleasing and a sign of ethnicity and/or status; in the modern world, however, immigrants to Europe and America are sometimes conscious of a stigmatizing effect. In Sub-Saharan Africa, ritual tooth avulsion has been documented for at least 1,500 years (Morris 1993). Scholars conjecture that it may have begun as a response to tetanus infection: removing a tooth allowed the patient to be given nourishment while s/he suffered “lockjaw.” Many generations later, there is no tetanus treatment problem, but rituals have developed to mark the eruption of permanent teeth—by forcibly removing the front teeth as a coming of age ritual. Studies of eighteenth-century burials of enslaved Africans in America have identified some individuals who had undergone cosmetic/ritual tooth extraction (Handler 1994). Until very recently, however, the extracted teeth were not replaced, and the distinctive “Cape Flats Smile” this caused was considered desirable (Morris 1998).
Dental Trauma
Published in Jeffrey R. Marcus, Detlev Erdmann, Eduardo D. Rodriguez, Essentials of CRANIOMAXILLOFACIAL TRAUMA, 2014
Mark Daniel Fisher, Martha Ann Keels, Tom McGraw, Cynthia Neal, Kenneth Pinkerton
A tooth avulsion requires immediate attention, because a very strong relationship has been found between storage time and storage condition and healing outcome. There is a broad difference of opinion as to the optimal timing for replantation. Some authors recommend no more than a 20-minute delay from injury to replantation, whereas others support replantation as long as 2 hours after the injury.2,3 Ultimately, it is most important for the surgeon to strive for replantation and stabilization as soon as possible to prevent short-term complications (such as infection and tooth mobility) or long-term sequelae (such as root resorption).
Surgery
Published in Timothy G Barrett, Anthony D Lander, Vin Diwakar, A Paediatric Vade-Mecum, 2002
Timothy G Barrett, Anthony D Lander, Vin Diwakar
Periodontal injuries – can present as: concussion;subluxation (loosening of a tooth);luxation (displacement of a tooth);avulsion (complete displacement of a tooth from its socket).
Injuries in karate: systematic review
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2018
Roger E. Thomas, Jodie Ornstein
Nine studies provided rates divided by injury type for 3481 males and 2109 females. Rates/1000AE weighted by study size were the highest for contusions, abrasions. lacerations, bruises and tooth avulsion/subluxation for both males (68.1) and females (30.4). The next most common injuries/1000AE were hematomas, bleeding or epistaxis for males (11.4) and females (12.1). Other injury types were less common and included strains/sprains: males (3.5) and females (0.1) and dislocations males (2.9), females (0.9). The rates for serious injuries were low; for concussions (2.5) and females (3.9), and fractures males (1.6) and females (1.3). Rates/1000AE varied widely between studies. For males, the rates for abrasions/contusions/lacerations/bruises and tooth avulsion/subluxation ranged from 23.9 to 153.9, hematomas/bleeding/epistaxis from 0 to 146.8, and strains from 1.3 to 12.4. For females, the rates of abrasions/contusions/lacerations/bruises and tooth avulsion/subluxation ranged from 13.6 to 109.5, and hematomas/bleeding/epistaxis from 2.9 to 21.5. The studies provided no data to explain these wide ranges in rates. We were unable to include 17 studies in the weighted averages. Ten studies provided rates by type of injury without gender data, four did not include rates for types of injury, one included only data on contusions, one did not provide data for contusions, and one did not provide data divided by injury type (Table 3).