China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Animal Source Foods
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
Silkworm (Bombyx mori) is a domesticated insect which has been used for making silk for at least 5,000 years in China. Apart from silk production, Bombyx mori has many applications in biological and scientific research (167–168). The various stages during its life span include embryo, larva, pupa, and adult moth (167). Pupae are a source of proteins, vitamin B1, B2 and E, diapause hormone, amino acids, and more, and are used for antibacterial and antihistaminic preparations (168). As a source of animal protein and vitamins, the larvae and pupae can be used as food in some East Asian countries. In addition, silkworm is an excellent tool for drug screening and safety tests (167).
Pharmacological Properties of Mulberry (Morus Alba)
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Assessment of Medicinal Plants for Human Health, 2020
Mulberry is grown under various climatic conditions and is distributed ranging from tropical to temperate regions throughout the globe. It is one of the dominant species among 24 known species. India holds the second largest area of mulberry (>280,000 ha) after China having about 626,000 ha. This plant has vast usage of leaves and fruits for its medicinal and edible potential. They can be also used for making tea leaves, and are an efficient diet for silkworms in the production of silk at a commercial level.12 The white mulberry is widely cultivated in its native states and is the primary food source for silk moths.
The Orient
Published in Michael J. O’Dowd, The History of Medications for Women, 2020
The mulberry, Morus alba, was dispensed with the peach (Prunus persica) in the treatment of disease by the Queen of the West, Hsi-Wang-Mu. The leaves (sang ye), branches (sang zhi), root bark (sang bai pi), and the fruits (sang shen) are currently used in Western herbal medicine and are thought to have antibacterial properties. Mulberry leaves are the preferred food of the silkworm, Bombyx mori. Indian mulberry, Morinda citrifolia, and others of this genus, are astringents and purgatives. In TCM morinda root, Morinda officinalis, Bajitian in Chinese, is prescribed for infertility, impotence, menstrual disorders and seminal emission (PPRC, 1992).
Mulberry leaves and their potential effects against cardiometabolic risks: a review of chemical compositions, biological properties and clinical efficacy
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2018
Thanchanit Thaipitakwong, Surawej Numhom, Pornanong Aramwit
Mulberry is a multi-functional plant. Being an excellent source of nutrients and phytochemicals, mulberry has been established as functional food (Srivastava et al. 2006). The fresh fruits are edible and harvested for food production, such as juice, jam and jelly (Yigit et al. 2010). Meanwhile, the leaves are highly palatable (Srivastava et al. 2006). Mulberry leaves play a pivotal role in the sericulture industry because they serve as the sole food of silkworm (Bombyx mori) (Sánchez 2000). The leaves are also cultivated for dairy animal feed due to the positive effect on milk production (Gupta et al. 2005). Herbal tea made from mulberry leaves are consumed as a healthy beverage among Asian countries (Chan et al. 2016). In the folk remedies, various parts of mulberry tree, including root bark, leaves and fruits, have been traditionally used for the treatment of fever, cough, hyperlipidaemia, hypertension and hyperglycaemia (Chan et al. 2016). Mulberry leaves-derived products in the form of powders, extracts and capsules are now commercially available as functional foods and dietary supplements for controlling body weight and blood glucose.
Preparation and characterization of silk fibroin hydrogel as injectable implants for sustained release of Risperidone
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018
Atefeh Ebrahimi, Komail Sadrjavadi, Marziyeh Hajialyani, Yalda Shokoohinia, Ali Fattahi
Silkworm cocoons of Bombyx mori were cut into small pieces and boiled for 30 min in an under a stirring solution of Na2CO3 (0.02 M) and then rinsed thoroughly with distilled water three times to remove sericin protein and wax. The degummed silk fibroin was dried and dissolved in a 9.3 M LiBr solution at 60 °C for two h with a concentration of 20 wt%. The solution was dialyzed against distilled water for at least two days using a dialysis membrane (MWCO 8000; Orange, Atlanta, GA). After dialyzing, silk fibroin solution was centrifuged at 4 °C and 9000 rpm for 20 min. The final concentration of the silk solution was approximately 90 g/l [21,22].
Efficacy of FimA antibody and clindamycin in silkworm larvae stimulated with Porphyromonas gulae
Published in Journal of Oral Microbiology, 2021
Sho Yoshida, Hiroaki Inaba, Ryota Nomura, Masaru Murakami, Hidemi Yasuda, Kazuhiko Nakano, Michiyo Matsumoto-Nakano
Silkworm larvae have been characterized as an animal model of human infection with pathogenic bacteria [23]. Thus, we established and examined a P. gulae infection model using silkworm larvae. Figure 2 shows that, although 30% of the control larvae had died at 204 h under treatment with PBS, all of the larvae died within 204 h following infection with P. gulae D049 (type C) at the low dose (1 × 107 CFU); by contrast, infections with P. gulae ATCC51700 (type A) and P. gulae D040 (type B) at the same dose were less virulent (Figure 2a). High-dose infection (5 × 107 CFU) of P. gulae was found to eliminate the entire silkworm population at 144 h (Figure 2b). By comparison, at 228 h after a high-dose infection with types A and B, 10% of the larvae infected with P. gulae type A were still alive, while all of the larvae infected with P. gulae type B had died (Figure 2b). When larvae were injected with purified rFimA proteins, by the end of the experiment (240 h), the survival rates of those injected with all the rFimA proteins were lower as compared to those injected with GST only as well as the PBS control. Also, most (~90%) of the larvae injected with rFimA type C died, whereas the survival rate of larvae injected with rFimA type A or B exceeded 50% (Figure 3). We considered that this effect was caused by immune response and not cell disruption by a massive dose of recombinant proteins, since the survival rate of larvae injected with GST was only higher as compared to that received all recombinant proteins. These findings suggested that strains possessing type C fimbriae are more virulent in silkworm larvae than strains possessing type A or type B fimbriae.