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Wound care
Published in Tor Wo Chiu, Stone’s Plastic Surgery Facts, 2018
Lasers – low-level laser therapy (LLLT), aka ‘biostimulation’, is said to increase cellular activity especially of fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Light is administered at wavelengths of 680–890 nm, over several applications; it does not generate heat and is thus often referred to as ‘cold’ laser.
Tendinopathy
Published in Kohlstadt Ingrid, Cintron Kenneth, Metabolic Therapies in Orthopedics, Second Edition, 2018
It appears that low-level laser therapy alone is not as effective as low-level laser therapy with exercise therapy. Also, exercise therapies may not be as effective alone as when combined with low-level laser therapy (Xiao-Guang, Cheng and Song, 2014).
Physical Therapy and Pain Management
Published in Mark V. Boswell, B. Eliot Cole, Weiner's Pain Management, 2005
LASER is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. Laser therapy dates to the 1950s when it was first used in Europe for the reduction of pain and inflammation. There was inadequate and insufficient evidence to support its continued use; however, empirical evidence seemed to support its function. Laser therapy, like microcurrent stimulation, is also based on the Arendt–Schultz physics principle of low-intensity stimulation’s causing profound biophysical response and supports the theory that less energy rather than more causes the body cells to exhibit a greater physiological response. The laser works on a photobiostimulation principle. Laser output is measured in nanometers. It was called cold, soft, or low-level laser therapy when used during the 1970s to the 1990s. The helium neon laser, 632.8 nm, and the gallium aluminum arsenide laser, 810 nm, were used for superficial wound healing and acute and chronic pain with or without inflammation. The gallium arsenide or infrared laser, at 904 nm, was used for deep pain and deep wound healing, scar tissue, and calcium deposits. Either laser could be used for auricular therapy or on body acupuncture points. Low-power cold laser technology appears to reduce inflammation, improve range of motion, engage proprioception, and integrate locomotive process. There are no actual contraindications to cold laser therapy. Relative contraindications include pregnancy, malignant melanoma, or general illness. Direct radiation in the eyes must be avoided as this can cause damage to the retina (Watson, 1995). Laser therapy appears to decrease swelling and acute traumatic soft tissue injury conditions (Oschman, 2004).
Immediate and short-term effects of kinesiotaping and lower extremity stretching on pain and disability in individuals with plantar fasciitis: a pilot randomized, controlled trial
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2022
Sulithep Pinrattana, Rotsalai Kanlayanaphotporn, Praneet Pensri
Various physical modalities have been applied in the treatment of PF such as: therapeutic ultrasound; low-level laser therapy (LLLT); and extracorporeal shockwave therapy. However, several studies have shown that therapeutic ultrasound and low-level laser therapy did not provide any benefit in pain reduction compared to the control group (Basford, Malanga, Krause, and Harmsen, 1998; Buchbinder, 2004; Cole, Seto, and Gazewood, 2006; Landorf and Menz, 2008). However, high-intensity laser therapy and silicone insole have revealed beneficial effects for improving pain intensity, foot function, and heel tenderness index on individuals with PF (Akkurt et al., 2018). While comparing low-level laser therapy and high-intensity laser therapy (HILT), both groups demonstrate improvement in pain intensity and functional status after three weeks (Ordahan, Karahan, and Kaydok, 2018). HILT also has a more significant treatment effect than LLLT of all parameters (Ordahan, Karahan, and Kaydok, 2018).
The effect of low-level laser therapy and physical exercise on pain, stiffness, function, and spatiotemporal gait variables in subjects with bilateral knee osteoarthritis: a blind randomized clinical trial
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2019
Roberta de Matos Brunelli Braghin, Elisa Cavalheiro Libardi, Carina Junqueira, Natalia Camargo Rodrigues, Marcello Henrique Nogueira-Barbosa, Ana Claudia Muniz Renno, Daniela Cristina Carvalho de Abreu
Several studies have reported the therapy effects for knee OA patients [9–11]. The physical exercise has positive effect on a chondroprotective anti-inflammatory cytokine response [12], reduces the pain sensitivity [13], improves physical function [14], and can improve cartilage morphology [15]. The low-level laser therapy (LLLT) has been used in physical therapy for the treatment of various diseases, aiming to reduce the pain, inflammation, and regeneration of damaged tissue [16,17]. In a systematic review of different therapies for individuals with knee OA, Jamtvedt et al. [18] reported that LLLT has moderate evidence for relief of pain, and therapy with exercise has high evidence of pain relief and function improvement, although there is a need for information regarding the type, frequency, and optimal dose for exercise. There are four factors that increase heterogeneity in the literature: wavelength, time of irradiation, dose, and site of application [19]. This makes clinical applications difficult, and further studies are necessary to show the effectiveness of laser for OA. Although there are studies that evaluated the association of laser and exercise on pain, stiffness, and function [16,20,21], there is need for objective assessments for function analysis, such as the spatiotemporal gait variables.
Effects of low-intensity laser therapy on the stability of orthodontic mini-implants: a randomised controlled clinical trial
Published in Journal of Orthodontics, 2018
Ahmed Mohamed Abohabib, Mona Mohamed Fayed, Amr H. Labib
Low-intensity laser therapy has been widely used for the biostimulation of tissues and wound healing through its anti-inflammatory effects (Hopkins et al. 2004; Posten et al. 2005). It has been found that low-level laser therapy increases blood flow, improves the mechanism of the revitalisation processes, reduces the risk of infection, boosts metabolic activities and accelerates the healing of damaged tissue (King 1989). It has also been reported that low-intensity laser therapy is capable of increasing the success rate of orthodontic mini-screws, probably due to anti-inflammatory effects and bone stimulation (Pinto et al. 2013; Garcez et al. 2015; Osman et al. 2018). In the orthodontic literature, there is great variability in the choice of energy and wavelength during irradiation of bone tissues using low-intensity laser for biostimulation. Garcez et al. 2015 used diode laser with 780 nm wavelength and 34 J/cm2 energy density (Goymen et al. 2015) used diode laser with 810 nm wavelength and 20 J/cm2 energy density, conversely (Pinto et al. 2013) used diode laser with 808 nm wavelength and 90 J/cm2 energy density. However, Vasconcellos et al. (2014) used a diode laser with 780 nm wavelength and 112 J/cm2 energy density.