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Herbal Treatment for Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Published in Megh R. Goyal, Preeti Birwal, Durgesh Nandini Chauhan, Herbs, Spices, and Medicinal Plants for Human Gastrointestinal Disorders, 2023
Hasya Nazh Ekin, Didem Deliorman Orhan
Herbal medicines and plant-based products are being used worldwide to treat many diseases or to complement conventional drugs. This section includes discussions on the outcomes of clinical trials in IBS treatment using herbal products.
Plant-Based Adjunct Therapy for Tuberculosis
Published in Namrita Lall, Medicinal Plants for Cosmetics, Health and Diseases, 2022
Lydia Gibango, Anna-Mari Reid, Jonathan L. Seaman, Namrita Lall
Medicinal plants are nature’s underlying gift used to treat numerous diseases. Herbal medicine has been used to increase the effectiveness of conventional medication or to minimize side effects (Girard and Vohra, 2011). A broad spectrum of in vitro and in vivo antimicrobial activity is considered when searching for viable plant-based adjuvant TB therapy. This includes phytochemicals that exhibit enhancement of combination therapy, the reversal of drug resistance or re-sensitizing activities, inhibition of biofilm formation or by induction and control of efflux pumps. These antimicrobial agents have two subgroups, each containing distinct adjuvant activities which are either pathogen-directed or host-directed (Thombre et al., 2019). With side effects such as induced toxicity from conventional medicine, it is beneficial for adjuvants to provide added hepatoprotective properties. There are various adjuvant natural herbal remedies for tuberculosis treatment (Figure 14.1). These evidence-based treatments are summarized in Table 14.2.
Bamboo as Food and Medicine
Published in Nirmala Chongtham, Madho Singh Bisht, Bamboo Shoot, 2020
Nirmala Chongtham, Madho Singh Bisht
Liver is one of the most important and complex organs in the human body whose primary function is to filter and detoxify the blood and xenobiotics coming from the digestive tract before it is distributed to the rest of the body. Liver diseases are the main cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and its damage typically results in leakage of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) into the bloodstream. Herbal medicines or plant-derived medicines are used for its treatment for a long time. Hoywegan et al. (2014) explored the hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Phyllostachys nigra in PCM-induced rats and reported a significant reduction in the TBARS level generated during oxidative stress and bilirubin level in serum. This hepatoprotective activity is via decreasing inducible nitric oxide synthase expression through the inhibition of NF-κB.
Prevalence, motivation, and associated factors of medicinal herbs consumption in pregnant women from Eastern Mediterranean Regional Office: a systematic review
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Afaf Bouqoufi, Laila Lahlou, Fatima Ait El Hadj, Mohammed Abdessadek, Majdouline Obtel, Youssef Khabbal
Overall, our systematic review is one of the first reports to shed light on the prevalence, use pattern, and perceptions of herbal medicine use among pregnant women in the EMRO’s region. A low-disclosure study of herbal medicine use among pregnant women in Morocco has also been shown in the present review. Despite the importance of literature data about the use of herbal remedies, it is necessary to obtain good knowledge, attitude, and motivation for herbal consumption among women. Healthcare professionals and researchers can disseminate the results of this study to choose the best ways to hide the message in the context of prevention. Herbal medicines may be natural, but they do contain pharmacologically active ingredients. Due to the limited number of studies, it is recommended that future studies focus on safety and the effects of herbal medicines on pregnancy outcomes.
Advances for pharmacological activities of Polygonum cuspidatum - A review
Published in Pharmaceutical Biology, 2023
Jia Ke, Meng-Ting Li, Shuyang Xu, Jianpeng Ma, Ming-Yuan Liu, Yan Han
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used extensively for thousands of years, and the use of herbal medicinal products has been growing rapidly in many countries (Agbabiaka et al. 2018). For example, artemisinin and its derivatives, the most effective antimalarial drugs, are extracted from the sweet wormwood plant, Artemisia annua Linn (Compositae) (Yang et al. 2020). Numerous researchers have studied herbal medicine. An herbal medicine may have a variety of phytochemical constituents, each of which may have a different medicinal activity, so an herb can actually have a variety of therapeutic effects at the same time. Nowadays, people use herbal medicine alone or as a supplement to treat many diseases, such as cancer (Guo et al. 2021), cardiovascular (Xu et al. 2019), cerebrovascular, and nervous system diseases (Lu et al. 2020). Moreover, as the prevalence of TCM research increases worldwide, more pharmaceutical activities will be discovered (Acquaviva et al. 2021).
Toxicological effects of the Morinda citrifolia L. fruit extract on maternal reproduction and fetal development in rats
Published in Drug and Chemical Toxicology, 2023
Thaís Leal-Silva, Maysa Rocha Souza, Larissa Lopes Cruz, Rafaianne Queiroz Moraes-Souza, Verônyca Gonçalves Paula, Thaigra Sousa Soares, Vanessa Dela Justina, Fernanda Regina Giachini, Débora Cristina Damasceno, Madileine Francely Américo, Gustavo Tadeu Volpato
Pregnant women frequently use medicinal plants to treat diseases; however, studies on the safety and efficacy of many commonly used herbal medicines during pregnancy are limited (Tiran 2003, Illamola et al. 2019). Thus, our study was performed to determine the effects of the fruit aqueous extract of the M. citrifolia L. on pregnant rats and their offspring. To ensure bioequivalence, the rats received M. citrifolia extract at doses equivalent to those consumed by humans. Treatment with the highest dose of M. citrifolia fruit extract (750 mg/kg) caused adverse effects on maternal parameters, such as weight gain, pregnant uterus weight, high AST activity, increased percentage of embryo losses before implantation, and low number of live fetuses. Treatment with the 400 mg/kg dose of the extract resulted in a high percentage of fetal skeletal and visceral anomalies and fetuses that were small in size for their gestational age. In addition, the placental efficiency was compromised at term pregnancy after treatment with the M. citrifolia fruit extract (400 mg/kg).