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Efficacy, Safety, and Toxicological Aspects of Nutraceuticals
Published in Sheeba Varghese Gupta, Yashwant V. Pathak, Advances in Nutraceutical Applications in Cancer, 2019
Jayvadan K. Patel, Anita Patel
Since evidence has emerged regarding health risks following hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women, menopausal women have increasingly turned to dietary supplements to treat symptoms such as hot flashes, depression, and bone loss. Latest study suggested that up to 42% of women were using soy foodstuffs; counting isoflavone extracts plus purified isoflavones, for example, genistein (Mazzanti et al. 2009). As these products are concentrated or purified, they have higher levels of plasma in comparison to isoflavones eaten as a portion of soy protein isolate or soy foodstuff, which are complex mixes of bioactive proteins, peptides, and more than one hundred phytochemicals (Fang et al. 2004; Ronis et al. 2016). There have been case reports of endometriosis in women consuming isoflavone supplements (Mahady et al. 2003); also, there is a likelihood of increased risk of estrogen-sensitive cancers in consumers of these products.
Myofibrillar Protein Synthesis Following Ingestion of Soy Protein Isolate at Rest and After Resistance Exercise in Elderly Men
Published in Chad Cox, Clinical Nutrition and Aging, 2017
Yifan Yang, Tyler A. Churchward-Venne, Nicholas A. Burd, Leigh Breen, Mark A. Tarnopolsky, Stuart M. Phillips
In summary, we report that soy protein isolate is relatively ineffective in its capacity to stimulate MPS in the elderly when compared to whey protein. The mechanisms underpinning the reduced anabolic effect of soy as compared to whey likely relate to its relatively lower leucine content (~12% in whey and ~8% in soy) [16] and reduced leucinemia as a result of subtle differences in digestion/absorption between soy and whey protein. It is unlikely these differences have a marked impact on protein nutrition in all but the elderly or clinical populations [42]. Differences in postprandial amino acid oxidation rates may also be important as lower doses of soy (S20) resulted in greater increases in leucine oxidation than equivalent doses of whey protein. Our results have implications for nutrient formulations designed to support increased muscle protein anabolism in the elderly and suggest that whey protein offers clear advantages to soy protein in its capacity to support both rested and post-exercise increases in MPS.
Impact of 18-Month Soy Protein Supplementation on Steroid Hormones and Serum Biomarkers of Angiogenesis, Apoptosis, and the Growth Hormone/IGF-1 Axis: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Males Following Prostatectomy
Published in Nutrition and Cancer, 2022
Maarten C. Bosland, Jonathan Huang, Michael J. Schlicht, Erika Enk, Hui Xie, Ikuko Kato
This study used stored serum samples from a double-blind, randomized, casein-based placebo-controlled intervention trial with soy protein isolate (registered at clinicaltrials.gov; identifier: NCT00765479) previously reported in detail (18). Radical prostatectomy patients who were at elevated risk of recurrence because of unfavorable pathology were enrolled between July 1997 and November 2005 at the Manhattan VA Medical Center (VA) or May 2009 at New York University School of Medicine (NYU) as previously detailed (18). All participants from whom we used samples for the present study were enrolled at NYU, except one who was enrolled at the VA. A total of 159 eligible males were successfully enrolled, randomized to soy protein (n = 81) or placebo (n = 78), and were ultimately evaluable for the previously reported study (18). Dietary supplement use, customary soy consumption, and allergies to milk protein or soy were exclusionary criteria (18).
Encapsulation of beetroot juice: a study on the application of pumpkin oil cake protein as new carrier agent
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2020
Jelena Čakarević, Vanja Šeregelj, Vesna Tumbas Šaponjac, Gordana Ćetković, Jasna Čanadanović Brunet, Senka Popović, Milica Hadnađev Kostić, Ljiljana Popović
Particle size distribution directly affects the application of powders into food formulations. The particle size and particle size distribution with span values for all powders are shown in Table 1. It can be observed that the volumetric mean diameters D [4,3] for SD powders were 4.48 μm for SDPPI and 4.02 μm for SDBJ, while for FD powders were 107.49 μm (FDPPI) and 201.37 μm (FDBJ). Both SD powders were unimodal with cumulative mean diameters for d(0,1) of the distribution in the range of 1.62 μm for SDPPI and 1.63 μm for SDBJ powder, and with the d(0,9) in the range of 8.17 μm for SDPPI and 6.96 μm for SDBJ. The FD powders showed a bimodal distribution with two distinct picks which had variations with cumulative mean diameters for d(0,1) of the distribution in the range of 7.88 μm for FDPPI and 28.33 μm for FDBJ powder, and with the d(0,9) in the range of 269.44 μm for FDPPI and 421.18 μm for FDBJ. According to these results, particles of FD powders (7.80–422 μm) were larger when compared to particles of SD powders (1.60–8.70 μm). Similar results were published by Correia et al. (2017) for soy protein isolate. It was detected that the particles obtained after SD were smaller and more uniform than FD particles. This observation could be explained by the fact that the SD samples pass through the dryer nozzle before entering the drier chamber that initiates the formation of relatively uniform particle sizes and shapes (Correia et al.2017). Based on this, it could be concluded that wall materials and encapsulation technique affected the shape and size of the encapsulated samples.
Influence of phenolic acids on the storage and digestion stability of curcumin emulsions based on soy protein-pectin-phenolic acids ternary nano-complexes
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2019
Bei Jin, Xiaosong Zhou, Shanshan Zhou, Yuan Liu, Risheng Guan, Zhiyuan Zheng, Yuxin Liang
Soy protein isolate (SPI) was obtained from Wonderful Tech. Co. (Shandong, China), containing (on dry basis) 6.5% moisture, 1.0% ash, 0.2% lipid, and 90.2% protein (determined by Kjeldahl method, N × 6.25). Apple pectin (70% esterification) was obtained from Henan Yuzhong Biological Science and Technology Co., Ltd (Henan, China). Ferulic acid (>98%) was purchased from Chengdu Biopurify Phytochemicals, Ltd. (Chengdu, China). Tannic acid was purchased from Aladdin Chemical Co., China. Ellagic acid was purchased from Sinopharm chemical reagent Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Curcumin (95.0% purity), was purchased from National Medicine Group Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Pancreatin (porcine, 89 USP specifications), lipase (from porcine pancreas type ΙΙ, 100–500 units per mg of protein) were purchased from Aladdin Chemical Co., China. Corn oil (purity >99%) was bought from a local supermarket (Zhanjiang, China). All other chemicals used were of analytical grade. Ultra pure water (Milli-Q plus system, Millipore, USA) was used to prepare all stock solutions.