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Abies Spectabilis (D. Don) G. Don (Syn. A. Webbiana Lindl.) Family: Coniferae
Published in L.D. Kapoor, Handbook of Ayurvedic Medicinal Plants, 2017
Chemical constituents — Goshal161 analyzed the drug and found (1) sulfate of an alkaloid — Basu and co-workers162 called it punarnavine; (2) an amorphous mass; (3) sulfates, chlorides, and traces of nitrate and chlorates from the ash. Chopra et al.163 reported the presence of unusually large quantities of potassium nitrate (6.41%). Misra and Tiwari164 isolated hentriacontane, β-sitosterol and ursolic acid from the roots. Phytochemical tests on B. repanda, an allied species, showed the presence of proteins, reducing sugars, and alkaloids.165 Srivastra et al.166 confirmed that sterol isolated from the root of B. diffusa is β-sitosterol.
Tooth Whitening Materials
Published in Linda Greenwall, Tooth Whitening Techniques, 2017
For an in-depth discussion, see Chapter 20). Fluoride.Potassium nitrate.ACP (as in ACP–casein phosphopeptide [CPP] formulations).Others, used in desensitizing toothpastes—many are recommended for use during whitening.
Medicines for Weakness: 1900 to c. 1950
Published in John K. Crellin, A Social History of Medicines in the Twentieth Century, 2020
Although perhaps less obvious to the public than with many other categories of medicines, physician prescribing of kidney medicines—often as mixtures—validated many homemade or over-the-counter preparations. Many constituents were the same (leaving aside dosages), even though physicians' reasons for prescribing were usually very much different from public beliefs. For example, potassium nitrate (niter) was used as a diuretic in Dodd's Kidney Pills; methylene blue, an "antiseptic," was used in De Witt's Kidney and Bladder Pills;194 and hexamethyleneamine (hexamine), an antiseptic and diuretic, was used in Cystex pills. That hexamine had become a generally popular physician remedy for infections by the 1930s perhaps explains the following "simple and fundamental" objection to Cystex: There is no legitimate place for self-treatment of pathologic conditions of the kidneys or bladder. It is sheer madness for persons who have the symptom complex described in the Cystex advertisements to attempt to treat themselves and waste what may well be vitally valuable time before seeking competent treatment based on a rational diagnosis.195 By this time (1936), as had been happening for some years, prescription medicines reflected increasingly sophisticated diagnostic classifications of kidney diseases with different prescriptions for problems ranging from acute nephritis to uric acid diathesis.196 While "weakness" still preoccupied the public mind, physicians often debated over whether to treat for germs as well as for general inflammation for which potassium citrate, diuretin (theobromine solium salicylate), and other diuretics might be prescribed.
The effect of different carbon sources on biofouling in membrane fouling simulators: microbial community and implications
Published in Biofouling, 2022
Johny Cabrera, Hao-yu Guo, Jia-long Yao, Xiao-mao Wang
The water used in the experiment was tap water from Tsinghua University’s School of Environment’s laboratory, which has a low organic content and no chemical disinfectants added. A peristaltic pump (Masterflex precision pump) and Pharmed tubing were used to pump the water. Another peristaltic pump was used to dose carbon from a carbon stock solution. The flow in the pumps was calibrated using an electronic scale (Mettler Toledo). The carbon stock solution was prepared to have a concentration of 24 mg L−1. A 1 mol L−1 NaOH solution was used to set the pH of the carbon stock solution to 11, because the carbon stock-flow was too low compared to the MFS inlet flow (100 to 1), increasing the pH to 11 did not affect the pH of the water coming into the MFS. The pH was modified to avoid bacterial growth in the carbon-containing solution. The nitrogen supply was potassium nitrate (KNO3), and the phosphorus source was sodium phosphate monobasic dihydrate (NaH2PO4·2H2O) to achieve a carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus concentration ratio of 100:20:10, as in previous studies (Vrouwenvelder, Graf von der Schulenburg et al. 2009; Vrouwenvelder et al. 2011; Siddiqui 2016, 2017; Haaksman et al. 2017). The MFSs were covered with aluminum foil to avoid the effect of sunlight on biofilm growth (growth of autotrophs). The pressure of the MFSs was recorded daily, and the temperature was recorded at the MFS inlet.
Preparation and characterization of co-processed starch/MCC/chitin hydrophilic polymers onto magnesium silicate
Published in Pharmaceutical Development and Technology, 2019
Shereen M. Assaf, Mai Subhi Khanfar, Ahmed Bassam Farhan, Iyad Said Rashid, Adnan Ali Badwan
Commercial maize starch was purchased from Beijing Quanfeng Starch Company (China). Chitin, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous were obtained from BICHEM (Shanghai, China). Microcrystalline cellulose, MCC (Avicel PH 200) was obtained from FMC Biopolymer (Philadelphia, PA, USA). Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3.5H2O) was obtained from BDH (Poole, England). Sunset yellow solution and Sodium chloride were obtained from Analytical Rasayan Laboratory (India). Ibuprofen powder and Mg chloride (MgCl2.6H2O) were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO). Commercial ibuprofen immediate-release tablets (400 mg, Remofen®, Hikma Pharmaceuticals PLC, Jordan) were purchased from the local market in Jordan. Sodium hydroxide was obtained from Frutarom LTD (UK). Potassium nitrate and Mg nitrate (Mg(NO3)2.6H2O) were obtained from Scharlau (Spain). Water used in this work was distilled and deionized. All reagents used were of analytical grade. All chemicals were used as supplied.
Evaluation of zeolite supported bimetallic nanoparticles of zero-valent iron and copper (Z-nZVI/Cu) in the presence of ultrasonic for simultaneous removal of nitrate and total coliforms from aqueous solutions: optimization and modeling with response surface methodology
Published in Toxin Reviews, 2021
Abdolmotaleb Seid-Mohammadi, Ghorban Asgari, Alireza Rahmani, Tayyebeh Madrakian, Amir Karami
Potassium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, copper sulfate, and sodium borohydride were purchased from the Sigma Aldrich Co., St. Louis, MO. Zeolite (specific surface of m2/g) was prepared from Sigma Aldrich. All of the chemicals were of analytical grade and were used without further purification. Before each test, a stock solution of nitrate was prepared using the distilled water and a specific concentration of potassium nitrate. To prepare the solution of total coliform, 0.1 mL of domestic wastewater was added in 1 L distilled water and the MPN/100 mL was determined using the standard method. Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid were used to adjust the pH of the solution (Association et al.1915).