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Oral Nutritional Supplements and Appetite Stimulation Therapy
Published in Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson, Optimizing Metabolic Status for the Hospitalized Patient, 2023
Michael M. Rothkopf, Jennifer C. Johnson
There are a wide variety of products that exist for patients who are still able to eat but not consuming sufficient calories or protein to meet their needs. These products are labeled as ONS. In general, they contain a combination of calories and protein designed to supplement a meal. In some cases, the calories and protein are sufficient to qualify as a meal replacement.
Obesity
Published in Geoffrey P. Webb, Nutrition, 2019
There are many “meal replacement” products in the market that are designed to replace one or more meals each day with a drink or snack. These products have a clearly defined energy yield and so are supposed to make it easy for dieters to control their energy intake. Often these products are nutrient enriched but in some cases have similar energy yields to much cheaper conventional equivalents.
Nutritional Requirements in Extreme Sports
Published in Datta Sourya, Debasis Bagchi, Extreme and Rare Sports, 2019
Matthew Butawan, Jade L. Caldwell, Richard J. Bloomer
Another chief concern for extreme sport athletes is the availability of food and dietary options. In circumstances where food is not available for an extended period of time, the concern should obviously shift from adjusting macronutrient contributions toward ensuring adequate energy and water intake. Through proper planning, nutrient-dense meal-replacement bars or shakes can serve as portable meals.
Obesity in midlife: lifestyle and dietary strategies
Published in Climacteric, 2020
The fundamental importance of caloric restriction for weight loss has been unequivocally proved. Obesity guidelines from the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society recommend that a caloric intake of 1200–1500 kcal/day (caloric deficit of 500–750 kcal/day) results in an average weight loss of 0.5–0.75 kg/week for most women46–48. Intermittent energy restriction is a novel strategy (periods of fasting alternating with feeding) that has weight-loss outcomes comparable to those with continuous caloric restriction; however, long-term studies on sustained efficacy and the effects on CVD outcomes are lacking49. Multiple dietary restrictions are difficult for patients to implement; therefore, whenever possible, meal replacement diets can be considered to provide structured portion control. With respect to macronutrient composition, low-fat, low-carbohydrate diets or high-protein diets are not superior to one another for achieving sustained weight loss. Adherence to a hypocaloric dietary plan is key, regardless of the type of diet50.
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy induce substantial and persistent changes in microbial communities and metabolic pathways
Published in Gut Microbes, 2022
Jerry T. Dang, Valentin Mocanu, Heekuk Park, Michael Laffin, Naomi Hotte, Shahzeer Karmali, Daniel W. Birch, Karen L. Madsen
This study was approved by the Health Research Ethics Board at the University of Alberta (PRO00071705) and registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03181347) on June 8, 2017. Patients were recruited from the Edmonton Adult Specialty Bariatric Clinic from September 2017 to May 2019. The intent was to recruit 30 participants with a BMI greater than 35 kg/m2 into each arm including 30 CTRL, 30 SG, and 30 RYGB. Exclusion criteria included antibiotic, liraglutide, semaglutide, or methotrexate usage within 2 months preceding enrollment as these have significant effects on the gut microbiota. Additionally, patients with meal replacement use within 1 month, previous bowel surgery, inflammatory bowel disease, or previous bariatric surgery were excluded.
Does Metabolic Syndrome Impair Sexual Functioning in Adults With Overweight and Obesity?
Published in International Journal of Sexual Health, 2019
Saeideh Botlani Esfahani, Sebely Pal
Further work by Khoo et al. (2011, 2014) followed up this research with two further studies investigating the effects of dietary interventions on sexual function in men with obesity. One compared a high-protein, carbohydrate-reduced, low-fat diet to a low-energy diet and examined changes to sexual and endothelial function, inflammation, and urinary tract symptoms in a 1-year study with 31 men with obesity and T2D (Khoo et al., 2011). The results show that diet-induced weight loss can improve sexual, endothelial, and urinary function in this subgroup (Khoo et al., 2011). In addition, the high-protein, carbohydrate-reduced, low-fat diet group sustained these benefits for 1 year, as well as decreased systemic inflammation (Khoo et al., 2011). The other study compared the effects of a partial meal replacement plan with a conventional reduced-fat diet on weight, testosterone, sexual, and endothelial function, and quality of life in Asian men with obesity (Khoo et al., 2014). The initial 12-week intervention resulted in significant reductions in weight (4.2 ± 0.8 kg), and waist circumference (4.6 ± 0.7 cm) in the meal replacement group, compared the fat-reduced diet group (2.5 ± 0.4 kg, 2.6 ± 0.5 cm; Khoo et al., 2014). Erectile function, sexual desire, testosterone, endothelial function, and quality of life all showed greater improvements in the meal replacement group compared to the conventional diet group (Khoo et al., 2014). In addition, improvements in weight, waist circumference and erectile function were maintained after all participants were switched to (or stayed following) the conventional fat-reduced diet for a further 28 weeks (Khoo et al., 2014).