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Supplements
Published in David Lightsey, The Myths about Nutrition Science, 2019
Dr. Mehmet Oz, “America’s Doctor,” recently testified before Congress on why he was promoting supplements containing Garcinia cambogia, raspberry ketones, green coffee extract and other unproven ingredients as weight loss miracles. He acknowledged that “sometimes they don’t have the scientific muster to pass as fact”. In fact, there is no legal over-the-counter botanical supplement that has demonstrated clinical efficacy as a diet pill. [The only herbal treatment that can lead to modest weight loss is ephedra combined with caffeine, but this cocktail can also cause strokes, heart attacks and sudden death; hence, ephedra was banned in 2004.]
Conditioning of Hair
Published in Dale H. Johnson, Hair and Hair Care, 2018
Some extracts contain UV-absorbing compounds. In order to protect themselves from a harsh environment, plants evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms. For instance, the UV absorption spectrum of the liquid extract of aloe leaf sap shows excellent UV-B absorption with a maximum peak at 297 nm (76). Green coffee extract absorbs at a maximum peak of 270 nm, while wild pansy extract absorbs at a maximum peak of 352 nm. Protection for hair over much of the UV spectrum may be obtained by blending suitable extracts (77).
Chlorogenic acids
Published in Linda M. Castell, Samantha J. Stear (Nottingham), Louise M. Burke, Nutritional Supplements in Sport, Exercise and Health, 2015
Despite this, it is purported that chronic coffee intake and thus CGA intake helps reduce the absorption of glucose from the small intestine which, in turn, could also have benefits on weight loss (Greenberg et al., 2006). Evidence in animals has shown early promise for green coffee extract supplementation on weight loss through: a reduction in glucose uptake; suppressing accumulation of hepatic triglycerides and lipogenesis; activation of fat oxidation via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα); and activation of lipolysis in vitro (Shimoda et al., 2006; Cho et al., 2010; Flanagan et al., 2014). A meta-analysis of three randomized clinical trials, of which one was unpublished, showed a significant reduction in body weight following chronic supplementation (four to 12 weeks) of CGA (180–200mg/day), but the effect size was small, which questions the clinical significance (Onakpoya et al., 2011). More recently, Vinson et al. (2012) showed that six weeks supplementation of CGA as a low (350mg twice a day) or high dose (350mg three times a day) resulted in a significant reduction in body weight when compared with placebo. This study however suffered from a lack of strict dietary, exercise and supplementation control as well as a low (n=16) subject number (Vinson et al., 2012). Therefore, to date, there is a paucity of evidence to support the recommendation of CGA as a successful weight-loss supplementation strategy.
Green coffee nanoparticles: optimisation, in vitro bioactivity and bio-release property
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2020
Nivas Manohar Desai, Joseph Gilbert Stanley, Pushpa S. Murthy
Maltodextrin-nanoencapsulation of dietary polyphenols especially CGA extracted from green coffee was obtained by nano-spray drying. Response surface methodology was applied to optimise the spray drying conditions IAT (125 °C), Mwall/Mcore ratio (2:1) with 10% maltodextrin concentration (10% w/w). In summary, in this study the formulation and optimisation of green coffee extract into novel nanoparticles for nutraceutical applications has been investigated. The results clearly demonstrates that the effectiveness of Maltodextrin for the nanoencapsulation to control the green coffee extract release in gastrointestinal fluids and to preserve its antioxidant potential. Moreover, the encapsulation of the green coffee extract into nanoparticles significantly increased stability, thus preventing loss of polyphenols especially CGA over storage period of 150 days. The application of this nanotechnology could offer interesting perspectives for the potential use of green coffee extract as innovative nutraceuticals.
Effect of Green Coffee Consumption on Resting Energy Expenditure, Blood Pressure, and Body Temperature in Healthy Women: A Pilot Study
Published in Journal of the American College of Nutrition, 2018
Nilüfer Acar-Tek, Duygu Aǧagündüz, Büşra Ayhan
One of the most important findings of this study is the significant correlation between green coffee chlorogenic acid amount and REE. Chlorogenic acid is a major hydrocinnamic acid derivative in green coffee beans. Some human and animal studies have proven that chlorogenic acid and green coffee extract (45%–65%) increased energy metabolism and expenditure and glucose tolerance and reduced blood lipid level (16). There is a limited number of studies on the effect of chlorogenic acid on energy metabolism, and these studies have mostly been conducted in animal models by using green coffee extract (39). Analogs of chlorogenic acid & hydrocinnamic acid, cinnamic acid and ferulic acid inhibit the cAMP phosphodiesterase and up-regulate AMPK by taking an active role in energy metabolism and thus changing energy metabolism (16,40). There are some studies suggesting that chlorogenic acid supplementation causes body weight loss (−2.47 kg; 95% CI, −4.23 to −0.72). However, a meta-analysis reported that the methodology of the studies finding this effect was of poor quality and had various biases (41). Besides, EFSA reported that a cause-and-effect relationship has not been established between the consumption of chlorogenic acids from coffee and contribution to the maintenance or achievement of a normal body weight (42).