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Roller Compaction Technology
Published in Dilip M. Parikh, Handbook of Pharmaceutical Granulation Technology, 2021
Ronald W. Miller, Vishwas Nesarikar
Table 8.2 shows that hydroxypropyl methylcellulose is the preferred polymer for use in extended-release roller compaction formulations. Hydroxypropyl cellulose and ethylcellulose polymers are also significantly preferred, followed by methylcellulose and various methacrylate polymers. The polymer preferences for extended-release formulations, using roller compaction technology, appeared to reflect polymer usage that is associated with matrix extended-release systems.
Transdermal patch loading diclofenac sodium for anti-inflammation therapy using a rat paw oedema model
Published in Elida Zairina, Junaidi Khotib, Chrismawan Ardianto, Syed Azhar Syed Sulaiman, Charles D. Sands, Timothy E. Welty, Unity in Diversity and the Standardisation of Clinical Pharmacy Services, 2017
P. Christanto, Isnaeni, A. Miatmoko, E. Hendradi
Polymer has an important role in regulating the release of the drug in the matrix-patch type. Modification of polymer properties using combination of hydrophilic and lipophilic polymers, such as polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) and ethyl cellulose (EC) is useful for achieving good drug release rate (Kandavilli et al. 2002, Rathbone et al. 2002). To improve drug penetrated into the skin, the addition of penetration enhancers, such as menthol, can be considered.
Hard Shell Capsules in Clinical Trials
Published in Larry L. Augsburger, Stephen W. Hoag, Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms, 2017
Moji Christianah Adeyeye, Amusa Adebayo
Tuleu et al. [31] compared amylose-ethylcellulose-coated HPMC capsule (size 0) with uncoated capsules for the delivery of 4-aminosalicylic acid Na (550 mg) to the colon. The goal for the use of ethylcellulose in preclinical studies is to control the drug release and target the lower part of the intestine. Drug release is dependent on the disintegration lag time that can be determined by the thickness of the water-insoluble membrane (ethylcellulose), and the tolerability and the amount of the swellable excipients. In the study, seven healthy volunteers were used and pharmacokinetic parameters were monitored using a scintigraphic method. The authors reported that based on the Tmax (29 ± 9 min), percent absolute bioavailability, and AUC (118 ± 41), capsule content was released and absorbed completely and rapidly from the uncoated capsules.
Polymer type effect on PLGA-based microparticles preparation by solvent evaporation method with single emulsion system using focussed beam reflectance measurement
Published in Journal of Microencapsulation, 2022
Muhaimin Muhaimin, Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa, Roland Bodmeier
Various types of polymer with different physical properties (such as biodegradable, non-biodegradable, permeable, etc.) have been prepared microparticles. Polymers are usually used poly(є-caprolactone), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), Eudragit® RS 100, Eudragit® RL 100 and Ethyl cellulose. Poly(є-caprolactone) (PCL) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) are biocompatible and biodegradable polyesters (Muhaimin; Chaerunisaa, 2017; Chen et al., 2000; Gibaud et al., 2004; Ray et al., 2003). Eudragit® RS 100 and Eudragit® RL 100 are copolymers of ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate with low contents of a methacrylic acid ester with quaternary ammonium groups [Muhaimin and Bodmeier, 2020]. Eudragit® RL 100 is more permeable than Eudragit® RS 100, as the amount of co-trimethylammonioethyl methacrylate chloride in Eudragit® RL 100 is higher than in Eudragit® RS 100 (Gibaud et al. 2004, Muhaimin; Chaerunisaa 2017). Ethyl cellulose is a nonbiodegradable hydrophobic polymer (Moldenhauer and Nairn, 1992, Rekhi and Jambhekar 1995, Duarte et al. 2006, Saravanan and Anupama 2011, Bodmeier 2017, Muhaimin et al. 2020). Information about the microparticle hardening rate from these polymers is not available. It is necessary to know the effect of polymer properties on the polymeric microparticle hardening time.
In vitro and in vivo amelioration of colitis using targeted delivery system of cyclosporine a in New Zealand rabbits
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2020
Sumit Sharma, Vivek Rajan Sinha
About 5 mL optimized nanosize emulsion preconcentrate was prepared in a proportion of 50:45:5% (v/v) as oil:surfactant:water, respectively. The methodology was adopted according to the reported method of our earlier experimentations [3]. The oil mixture was prepared by mixing volume (mL) of maize oil and oleic acid in 1:1 ratio. Further, 2.4 mL of Tween 20 was added to the oil mixture. As the system is referred here as preconcentrate that signifies the absence of water. Therefore, to the mixture prepared of oil phase and surfactant about 250 mg of Cyp A was allowed to dissolve with continuous stirring using magnetic stirrer. Further, the requisite volume of preconcentrate was filled into the hard gelatin capsules and sealed. This hard gelatin capsule was coated by dip coating method with two polymeric solutions using 10% (w/v) ethyl cellulose and 12.5% (w/v) Eudragit S100 in isopropyl alcohol. 1.25% (w/v) PEG 400 was added to the alcoholic solution of Eudragit S100 as a plasticizer. Five milligrams of ethyl cellulose was coated over prefilled hard gelatin capsule with liquid emulsion preconcentrate as a primary coat. Further, after drying, the coated capsule was subjected to secondary coat of Eudragit S100 (pH sensitive polymer). Approximately 40 mg of Eudragit S100 was coated over the precoated capsule and allowed to dry at room temperature.
Clinical pharmacokinetic study for the effect of glimepiride matrix tablets developed by quality by design concept
Published in Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy, 2018
Tarek A. Ahmed, Mohammad A. A. Suhail, Khaled M. Hosny, Fathy I. Abd-Allah
Glimepiride was a kind gift from SPIMACO (Alqasim, Saudi Arabia); beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD), hydroxylpropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD), and beta-cyclodextrin hydrate (β-CD H), were kindly provided as gifts from Nihon ShokuhinKako Co., Ltd. (Tokyo, Japan). Polyvinyl pyrrolidone with average molecular weights of 44,000 (PVP K30) and 360,000 (PVP K90) were purchased from Spectrum Chemicals & Laboratory Products (New Brunswick, NJ). PVP VA64 was procured from Shanghai Yuking Water Soluble Material Tech Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Microcrystalline cellulose (Avicel PH 101) was purchased from Fluka (Buchs, Switzerland); poloxamer F127 (P-F127), poloxamer F407 (P-F407), poly ethylene glycol (PEG), methanol, fumed-silica (0.007 µm) and acetonitrile were supplied from Sigma Aldrich Corp. (St. Louis, MO). Eudragit RSPO was a kind gift from Evonik Industries (Essen, Germany). Talc powder was obtained from Whittaker Clark & Daniels (South Plainfield, NJ). Magnesium stearate was purchased from Winlab Laboratory Chemicals Reagents (Leicestershire, UK). Ethyl cellulose, with a viscosity grade of 9.9 cp, was procured from Spectrum Chemical MFG. Corp. (Gardena, CA). Sodium lauryl sulfate was purchased from Fisher Scientific (Pittsburgh, PA). All other chemicals and solvents were of analytical grade.