China 
Africa 
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Macronutrients
Published in Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy, Food and Lifestyle in Health and Disease, 2022
Chuong Pham-Huy, Bruno Pham Huy
The principal disaccharides are sucrose, lactose and maltose. Sucrose is composed of one molecule each of glucose and fructose, while lactose is a combination of glucose and galactose. Sucrose is found widely in fruits, berries and vegetables, and can be extracted from sugar cane or beet sugar for human consumption. Lactose is the main sugar in milk. Maltose is the less abundant of disaccharides; formed by two glucose units, and derived from starch, it occurs in sprouted wheat and barley. Trehalose or mycose, a disaccharide also formed by two glucose units, is found in yeast, mushrooms, bread and honey (8).
What can we do now?
Published in Théodore H MacDonald, Removing the Barriers to Global Health Equity, 2018
The same, of course, goes for sugar (countries such as Jamaica being the natural home of sugar cane and cane sugar only costing a third as much to produce as beet sugar in Europe) and now for a whole range of food crops, especially grains. The neoliberals have the market sown up, and although adversely affected by such factors as global warming and changing dietary habits of millions of Asians, they can continue to garner spectacular profits, while most people are experiencing shortages.
M
Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Marggrafe, Andreas Sigismond (1709–1782) German chemist and agricultural scientist who discovered sugar in sugar beet. He identified it from crystals using a microscope, the first time that the microscope had been used for chemical identification. See beet sugar.
Artificial food coloring affects EEG power and ADHD symptoms in college students with ADHD: a pilot study
Published in Nutritional Neuroscience, 2022
Anna E. Kirkland, Mackenzie T. Langan, Kathleen F. Holton
Only two studies have examined the effects of AFC using EEG in children with ADHD. However, both studies had methodological flaws. The first study recruited only 4 children with ADHD and 4 age-matched controls and tested an undisclosed about of Red No.40 on alpha band power, resulting in a difference in power in the ADHD group during both the AFC and placebo conditions when compared to controls [27]. The second study investigated the exposure to an array of ‘provoking’ foods (i.e. AFC, beet sugar, wheat, cow milk, bananas, eggs, citrus, cacao, beef, pork, and oats) in children with food-induced ADHD using a cross-over challenge [28]. When the children consumed provoking foods, there was an increase in relative beta and theta power in the frontal region, with the opposite during avoidance [28]. Neither study included baseline EEG profiles and the results were difficult to interpret based on sample size and study design. Despite the methodological issues, they provide evidence that certain food items, including AFC, may contribute to changes in brainwave activity in children with ADHD.