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Bioelectric and Biomagnetic Signal Analysis
Published in Arvind Kumar Bansal, Javed Iqbal Khan, S. Kaisar Alam, Introduction to Computational Health Informatics, 2019
Arvind Kumar Bansal, Javed Iqbal Khan, S. Kaisar Alam
Ventricular flutter is a fast tachycardia with 250–300 beats/minute. The waveform is more like a sinusoidal wave with no clear P-wave, QRS-complex or T-wave. It happens due to severe ischemia. Ventricular flutter, if left alone, turns quickly into ventricular fibrillation. The waveform for ventricular flutter is shown in Figure 7.13c.
Intrapartum Asphyxia And Cerebral Palsy
Published in Michele Kiely, Reproductive and Perinatal Epidemiology, 2019
Kenneth R. Niswander, Michele Kiely
The following changes have been noted in cardiac function when lesions of the CNS are present Marked electrocardiographic changes consistent with myocardial damage have been observed by many investigators in association with diseases of the CNS.42, 43Several investigators have noted marked effects on cardiac rhythm including ventricular flutter and ventricular fibrillation with subarachnoid hemorrhage as well as with head injuries and cerebral ischemia. These effects may be related to increases in intracranial pressure.Marked disturbance in blood pressure regulation has also been noted with lesions of the CNS.
Implantable cardioverter defibrillators
Published in Ever D. Grech, Practical Interventional Cardiology, 2017
Dominic Rogers, Abdallah Al-Mohammad
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) – a death occurring within a short period after the onset of symptoms and from a cardiac cause – is a major mode of mortality worldwide. It is the outcome in a not insignificant proportion of patients with the syndrome of heart failure (HF), especially those with heart failure with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (HFREF).1 SCD also occurs in patients with acute coronary syndrome,2 the cardiomyopathies (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy [HCM], arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy [DCM]), or channelopathies. In many cases, it occurs through the development of ventricular tachyarrhythmias (VA) including ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular flutter and ventricular fibrillation (VF). In these circumstances, early defibrillation (within minutes) can avert the death; however, the chance of surviving an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is low (8%).3 In 1998, cardiac arrest was reported in 450,000 cases in the United States.4 The European annual incidence of reported out-of-hospital cardiac arrest varies between countries and ranges from 50 to 123 cases per 100,000 population.
A review of arrhythmia detection based on electrocardiogram with artificial intelligence
Published in Expert Review of Medical Devices, 2022
Jinlei Liu, Zhiyuan Li, Yanrui Jin, Yunqing Liu, Chengliang Liu, Liqun Zhao, Xiaojun Chen
In recent years, the study of automatic detection of arrhythmia has become a popular research topic in the field of ECG signal analysis. The traditional approach is a rule-based approach, which combines ECG waveform features with expert knowledge to make a comprehensive diagnosis. However, AI methods, especially DL methods, are usually able to make efficient decisions in large and complex datasets [88]. Most of the studies we reviewed were validated using open source databases. Table 3 lists the detailed parameters of these databases. These databases can be applied to heartbeat classification and rhythmic arrhythmia classification (atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter, ventricular fibrillation, etc.). It can be seen from Table 3 that the number of records in Challenge 2017 and CPSC 2018 is much more than other databases. Validation of the model on them is closer to the actual clinical application, but their ECG recording time is relatively short. Therefore, a long-term ECG dataset with many patient records in multiple leads is highly anticipated by researchers. The literature on the analysis of arrhythmia with ML and DL techniques has been studied in detail, as shown in Table 4.
Outcome differences between carotid artery stenting (CAS) and carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in postoperative ventricular arrhythmia, neurological complications, and in-hospital mortality
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2020
Patients with carotid artery disease were identified by International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision (ICD-9) diagnosis codes 433.10 and 433.11 [16]. In the present study, patients received CAS (ICD-9 procedure codes 00.63) or CEA (ICD-9 procedure codes 38.12) were included, CAS as the reference [9]. Patients received both CAS and CEA were excluded. Diagnosis of ventricular arrhythmia (ventricular tachycardia, ventricular flutter, and ventricular fibrillation) and atrial arrhythmia (atrial tachycardia, atrial flutter, and atrial fibrillation [AF]) was identified by ICD-9 diagnosis codes of 427.1, 427.4, 427.41, and 427.42 and 427.31, 427.0, 427.89, and 427.32, respectively, [6–9]. Patients with preexisting ventricular arrhythmia and comorbidity of atrial arrhythmia were also excluded.
Ventricular fibrillation as an initial manifestation of cardiac sarcoidosis
Published in Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings, 2020
Azka Latif, Apurva D. Patel, Jason Kuniyoshi, Vikas Kapoor, Gaurav Aggarwal, Behram Ahmed Khan, Nancy Koster
Patients with CS have a worse prognosis than patients with sarcoidosis without cardiac involvement. The extent of left ventricular dysfunction is the most important predictor of survival.7 The most common initial manifestation of CS is atrioventricular block requiring permanent pacemaker. Noncaseating granulomas serve as foci for abnormal automaticity and cause changes in the ventricular activation and recovery process leading to ventricular tachyarrhythmias in CS.8 Reviewing data from the National Inpatient Sample between 2010 and 2014, Desai et al reported the burden of arrhythmias in 369,285 sarcoid patients. The most frequently experienced arrhythmia subtype was atrial fibrillation (n = 10,970), followed by ventricular tachycardia (n = 1967) and atrial flutter (n = 1665). The least common arrhythmia was ventricular fibrillation and ventricular flutter, and the rate of sudden cardiac arrest was 559/100,000.9