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Venous anatomy
Published in Joseph A. Zygmunt, Venous Ultrasound, 2020
The deep femoral vein is a shorter vein with its origin in the terminal muscle tributaries within the deep muscles of the lateral thigh. It is this vein which through compensatory adjustments takes up flow and becomes the outflow vein in some cases of popliteal and/or femoral vein occlusion, or even in situations of femoral vein ligation, either planned or traumatic.
Anatomy of veins and lymphatics
Published in Ken Myers, Paul Hannah, Marcus Cremonese, Lourens Bester, Phil Bekhor, Attilio Cavezzi, Marianne de Maeseneer, Greg Goodman, David Jenkins, Herman Lee, Adrian Lim, David Mitchell, Nick Morrison, Andrew Nicolaides, Hugo Partsch, Tony Penington, Neil Piller, Stefania Roberts, Greg Seeley, Paul Thibault, Steve Yelland, Manual of Venous and Lymphatic Diseases, 2017
Ken Myers, Paul Hannah, Marcus Cremonese, Lourens Bester, Phil Bekhor, Attilio Cavezzi, Marianne de Maeseneer, Greg Goodman, David Jenkins, Herman Lee, Adrian Lim, David Mitchell, Nick Morrison, Andrew Nicolaides, Hugo Partsch, Tony Penington, Neil Piller, Stefania Roberts, Greg Seeley, Paul Thibault, Steve Yelland
Their course is relatively constant. The femoral vein lies posterolateral to the artery in the thigh, moving medial approaching the groin.11 Some 10% of femoral veins are duplicated, but this is usually segmental, and only 2%–3% of veins are duplicated in their full length. The deep femoral vein joins the femoral vein 4–9 cm below the inguinal ligament to form the common femoral vein
Development and anatomy of the venous system
Published in Peter Gloviczki, Michael C. Dalsing, Bo Eklöf, Fedor Lurie, Thomas W. Wakefield, Monika L. Gloviczki, Handbook of Venous and Lymphatic Disorders, 2017
The popliteal and femoral veins are usually duplicated in segments of various lengths and form a plexus around the corresponding arteries similarly to the deep veins of the calf (Figure 2.9). The gastrocnemius vein and the SSV are the main tributaries of the popliteal vein. In the adductor canal, the popliteal vein becomes the femoral vein and runs initially lateral and then medial to the femoral artery. The femoral vein unites with the profunda femoris (deep femoral) vein at about 9 cm below the inguinal ligament. In the adductor canal or sometimes more distally, there is a consistent (~84%) anastomosis between the profunda femoris and the femoral or popliteal veins that provides an important collateral channel in case of deep venous thrombosis. The common femoral vein is the continuation of the femoral vein after it joins the deep femoral vein. The GSV empties into the common femoral vein at the saphenofemoral junction. Further tributaries of the common femoral vein are the lateral and medial circumflex femoral veins, which can anastomose with the internal iliac vein. The common femoral vein is medial to the corresponding artery and ends at the inguinal ligament, where it continues as the external iliac vein.
The benefit of betrixaban for the extended thromboprophylaxis in acutely ill medical patients
Published in Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 2019
Daniele Scarpa, Gentian Denas, Luciano Babuin, Vittorio Pengo
Patients with severe renal insufficiency received 50% of the pre-specified dose of each study medication (i.e. 20 mg of enoxaparin or a loading dose of 80 mg of betrixaban and then 40 mg once daily). Patients taking a concomitant P-glycoprotein inhibitor received a reduced dose of betrixaban (40 mg once daily). A total of four visits were planned and during the third visit were performed a lower extremity venous ultrasonography in all patients. In case of PE suspicion, patients were investigated by spiral CT, ventilation-perfusion lung scan, or pulmonary angiography. The lower extremity venous ultrasound was performed to check for asymptomatic proximal DVT by visualizing the common femoral vein, deep femoral vein, femoral vein, popliteal vein, and trifurcation of the calf veins. The lack of compression of a vein under probe pressure was the primary criterion for presence of DVT. The Central Ultrasound Core Lab, blinded to treatment assignment, adjudicated all scheduled ultrasounds.