China
Africa
Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
A
Published in Anton Sebastian, A Dictionary of the History of Medicine, 2018
Aortic Insufficiency The condition was noted by English physician William Cowper (1666–1709) of Hampshire in 1705.Thomas Hodgkin (1798–1866) gave a description in 1828 and a classic account with an illustrated plate was given by Sir Dominic John Corrigan (1802–1880) in 1832. Corrigan pulse or waterhammer pulse, characterized by a sudden impact and rapid fall in aortic insufficiency, was also described by him. The two separate murmurs heard over the femoral and solidus or brachial artery during the diastolic and systolic phases of the heart, were described by French physician, Louis Paul Duroziez (1826–1897) in 1861. The mechanism of production of these murmurs was explained by Herman Ludwig Blumgart (1895–1977) in 1933.
First Half of the Nineteenth Century
Published in Arturo Castiglioni, A History of Medicine, 2019
Robert James graves (1796-1853), after receiving his degree in 1818 and visiting various European centres, became physician to the Meath Hospital and a founder of the Park Street School of Medicine, where he introduced the best type of clinical teaching. Though not the first describer of the type of goitrous disease that bears his name, he was the first to give a full picture of it, recognizing the rapid heart, protruding eyes, and nervousness, as well as the enlarged thyroid. His other great achievement was a reversal of the universal custom of always starving fever patients. Stokes’s biography of Graves tells of his request, while visiting a hospital convalescent ward, that his epitaph should be; “He fed fevers.” His colleague at the Meath Hospital, William stokes (1804-78), son of a Dublin Regius Professor of Medicine, was a pioneer in the new methods of clinical diagnosis. His warrants of immortality are his descriptions of the peculiar type of breathing known as Cheyne-Stokes respiration, and of the combination of slow pulse and cerebral attacks known as Adams-Stokes syndrome, both first described, less adequately to be sure, by the other member of the team. Though he had the antiquated attitude toward fever — that it was a disease per se, with accidental lesions in individual cases (1874) — he was a leader in the new study of cardiac and pulmonary diseases. His Treatise on … Diseases of the Chest (Dublin, 1837) and his Diseases of the Heart and Aorta (Dublin, 1854) are both works of great historical value. John cheyne (1777-1836), the oldest of the group, was a Scotsman who in 1811 joined the staff of the Meath Hospital, later to retire to England. His description of Cheyne-Stokes respiration occurs in the second volume of the Dublin Hospital Reports (1818). He is not to be confused with the earlier George cheyne (1671-1743), who wrote on the gout (1720), from which he himself suffered, and on the “English malady” (1733), later known as neurasthenia. Robert adams (1791-1875), though famous for his original account of cerebral attacks with permanently slow pulse, now known to be due to heart block (Dublin Hospital Reports, 1827, IV, 396) and earlier recognized by Morgagni and others, was widely known as an able physician, who also wrote an excellent account of rheumatic gout (1857). Sir Dominic corrigan (1802-80) is remembered today in connection with aortic regurgitation, though his masterly description (Edinburg M. & S. Journal, 1832) was preceded by those of Cowper, Vieussens, and Hodgson. “Corrigan’s pulse” in this condition is well known to medical students.
Analyzing the association between aortic regurgitation and atherosclerosis: is pulse pressure a cause of atherosclerosis?
Published in Clinical and Experimental Hypertension, 2018
Seijiro Shimada, Masayosi Matsuura, Takahiro Yamaguchi, Junkichi Hama
Assuming that PP is a risk factor of ASCVD, atherosclerosis should be progressive in diseases that are accompanied by increases in PP. Corrigan’s pulse, de Musset’s sign, Duroziez’s sign, Hill’s sign, Müller’s sign, Quincke’s sign, and Traube’s sign are findings observed in patients with aortic regurgitation (AR), which is inseparable from increased PP. Thus, increase in PP is a characteristic of AR. Consequently, if PP is a risk factor for ASCVD, then atherosclerosis should be progressive in AR. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between AR and atherosclerosis. Therefore, we performed a cross-sectional study of the relationship between AR and atherosclerosis using carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and pulse wave velocity (PWV), which are regarded as excellent predictors of ASCVD (12–15).