Explore chapters and articles related to this topic
Lymphatic anatomy: lymphatics of the vulva
Published in Charles F. Levenback, Ate G.J. van der Zee, Robert L. Coleman, Clinical Lymphatic Mapping in Gynecologic Cancers, 2022
Anca Chelariu-Raicu, Robert L. Coleman
The vulva comprises the mons pubis, the clitoris, the labia majora and minora, the vestibule (urethral meatus and hymenal remnant), the perineal body, the associated erectile tissues and muscles, and the supporting subcutaneous tissues (Figure 3.1). Superficially, these structures consist of, or are covered by, a keratinized, stratified, squamous epithelium to the level of the vestibule, where the epidermis becomes a nonkeratinized squamous mucous membrane. The vulvar structures are situated atop the superficial perineal fascia, a caudal continuation of the abdominal Scarpa’s layer. Support is given to the vulva through loose attachment to this fascia. Deep to this layer are the erectile and muscular contents of the genital floor (Figure 3.2). The deep or inferior fascia of the urogenital diaphragm, on which the clitoris and ischiocavernosus, bulbocavernosus, and deep transverse perineal muscles lie, is an important surgical landmark indicating the deep margin of locoregional resection. This fascial layer becomes continuous with the fascia lata laterally.
Giant Perineal Plexiform Neurofibroma in an 8-Year-Old African Male
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2023
Javier Arredondo Montero, Mónica Bronte Anaut, Carlos Bardají Pascual
The patient had no radiological studies. Since the clinical and social context did not allow an adequate preoperative study, it was decided to perform a surgical exploration under general anesthesia. The patient was placed in lithotomy position, bladder catheterization was performed, and the lesion was approached through a longitudinal incision in the perineal raphe. The presence of an encapsulated tumor with multiple tortuous nerve fascicles inside, with the appearance of a "bag of worms" was observed. Dissection was continued and an adequate cleavage plane between the superficial perineal fascia (Colles’ fascia) and the tumor was observed. An incidental opening of the lesion demonstrated interior nerve bundles.