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Published in Ken Addley, MCQs, MEQs and OSPEs in Occupational Medicine, 2023
Jobe’s test is a physical exam test that is used to detect anterior shoulder instability. It is used to distinguish between anterior instability and primary shoulder impingement. Allen’s test is used to assess the arterial blood supply of the hand. Phalen’s manoeuvre is a provocative test used in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome. Roos stress test is used in the identification of thoracic outlet syndrome. Finkelstein’s test is used to diagnose de Quervain’s tenosynovitis in people who have wrist pain.
Swimming
Published in Paul Grimshaw, Michael Cole, Adrian Burden, Neil Fowler, Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Biomechanics, 2019
Following the pull phase, the arm leaves the water, usually elbow first (elbow lift), and is required to undergo a recovery phase. During this time, the shoulder is required to abduct and externally rotate as the arm is prepared for re-entry in the water. However, the arm at the beginning of this phase is often still internally rotated. The recovery phase is one of the more important phases in terms of risk for possible shoulder impingement. The shoulder is required to rotate externally and abduct to clear the arm over the water and then quickly to prepare for extension and entry to the “catch” phase position. The timing of the external rotation and the magnitude of this action during the recovery are critical components of risk associated with shoulder impingement and it has been shown that swimmers who execute the recovery phase with a large amount of initial internal rotation of the shoulder are susceptible to potentially increased shoulder impingement. External rotation of the shoulder is needed to allow for complete abduction and, thus, to prevent the greater tuberosity of the humerus making contact with the acromion.
The role of physiotherapy for musculoskeletal disorders in primary care
Published in Maneesh Bhatia, Tim Jennings, An Orthopaedics Guide for Today's GP, 2017
Shoulder impingement usually presents insidiously over time without trauma. Patients with acute non-traumatic shoulder pain with a loss of movement should be investigated for calcific tendinopathy (x-ray to confirm diagnosis) or septic arthritis (urgent bloods and referral). The pain is usually located to the shoulder joint but can be specific to the anterior aspect. Pain can be referred to the elbow. Patients will describe a catching pain specific to movement and possible night pain when lying on the affected side. Shoulder impingement will usually not give neurological symptoms in the affected arm.
Central sensitization syndrome in patients with rotator cuff tear: prevalence and associated factors
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2023
Run Peng, Rong Yang, Ning Ning
Previous researches merely discovered an association between CSS and rotator cuff tendinopathies. Gwilym et al. (2011) [10] studied 17 patients with unilateral shoulder impingement syndrome and 17 age- and gender-matched controls in 2011. They confirmed the presence of CSS in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome, and preoperative CSS is associated with poorer 3-month surgical results following subacromial decompression. Similarly, King et al. (2022) [31] compared unilateral shoulder impingement syndrome patients to controls. They found the presence of peripheral sensitization for all patients, and both peripheral and CSS for female patients. Plinsinga et al. (2015) [8] performed a systematic review to determine whether CSS exists in those who have persistent rotator cuff, lateral elbow, and patellar tendinopathies. With 16 studies (4 shoulder impingement syndrome, 10 lateral epicondyle tendinopathy, and 2 patellar tendinopathy) included, they concluded that there is an association between persistent tendon pain and CSS. Another systematic review by Noten et al. (2017) [13] also concluded that musculoskeletal shoulder pain might be closely connected with the central nervous system. A recent cross-sectional study focused on the prevalence of CSS in people with chronic musculoskeletal pain problems [29]. They found CSS in 37.8% of patients with low back pain, 32.4% with neck pain, 13.5% with upper back pain, 8.1% with knee pain, and 2.1% with shoulder pain. However, they only included 22 shoulder pain patients without a confirmed diagnosis. Therefore, research on the relationship between CSS and RCT is still absent.
Analysis of common shoulder injuries in collegiate baseball players
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2022
Luilly Vargas, Daniel Charen, Hsin-Hui Huang, Jashvant Poeran, Alexis Colvin
We identified 686 total injuries during this 5-year period, of which 138 were shoulder injuries (Table 1). The most common shoulder injuries were rotator cuff tears (23.9%), shoulder impingement (15.9%), and biceps tendinitis (7.2%). Rotator cuff pathology (tears, impingement, or tendinitis) represented 45.6% of all injuries. Moreover, rotator cuff tears (partial and complete tears) had the highest injury incidence rate, 18.5 per 100,000 AEs. The incidence rate for shoulder impingement and biceps tendinitis was 12.4 and 5.6 per 100,000 AEs, respectively. Using the exposure and extrapolation rates provides in the ISP dataset, the top three in terms of absolute number of estimated injuries for all of college baseball were rotator cuff tears (n = 2,466), shoulder impingement (n = 1961) and SLAP tears (n = 744).
Reliability of postural measures in elite badminton players using Posture Pro 8
Published in Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 2018
Kim Hébert-Losier, Fahmi Abd Rahman
For instance, forward head and rounded shoulder postures can be observed in swimmers (Lynch et al., 2010), which may contribute to shoulder impingement pathologies (Escamilla, Hooks and Wilk, 2014). In the long term, shoulder impingement might lead to further postural adaptations and compensations (Skolimowski et al., 2007), which can in turn hinder the healing process. Therefore, measures aimed at addressing postural abnormalities are frequently recorded in clinical settings in the prevention and rehabilitation of musculoskeletal disorders. To this effect, interventions that include strength and flexibility exercises have been shown effective in improving forward head and rounded shoulder postures in athletes (Lynch et al., 2010), which might reduce the risk of upper quadrant injuries and ultimately improve sporting performance. Performed regularly, postural assessments can be used to monitor changes over time and employed to assess the efficacy of particular interventions (Saad, Colombo, Ribeiro and Joao, 2012).