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Knee Pain
Published in Benjamin Apichai, Chinese Medicine for Lower Body Pain, 2021
It is inferior to the quadriceps tendon and superior to the patellar tendon. It is the largest sesamoid bone in the body. A sesamoid is a bone embedded in a tendon that acts like a pulley for both quadriceps and patellar tendons. It provides a smooth surface for the quadriceps tendon to slide over. It enhances the leverage for the quadriceps tendon to exert on the femur in leg extension. It increases the tendon’s ability to transmit muscular forces.
The Musculoskeletal System and Its Disorders
Published in Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss, Understanding Medical Terms, 2020
Walter F. Stanaszek, Mary J. Stanaszek, Robert J. Holt, Steven Strauss
Of the 206 bones in the body, three are located in each ear and transmit the vibrations of sound rather than function as a support mechanism; the remainder are divided between the axial skeleton—the skeleton of the central axis—and the appendicular skeleton of the appendages such as the arms (Figure 7.2). In addition, small sesamoid bones develop within the tendons. These are named for their general size and shape (literally, "in the form of a sesame seed") and act to reduce friction and sometimes function as pulleys to influence the direction of muscle pull.
Fundamentals
Published in Clare E. Milner, Functional Anatomy for Sport and Exercise, 2019
Sesamoid bones are a special category of bones that are embedded within a tendon. They are sometimes considered to be a sub-category of short bones. The best example of a sesamoid bone is the patella (kneecap), which lies within the tendon of the quadriceps muscle at the knee (see knee – bones). The patella keeps the tendon further away from the joint, which changes the angle of the tendon and enables the quadriceps muscle to produce more torque to move the joint. The pisiform in the wrist is also a sesamoid bone. There are also two small sesamoid bones under the first metatarsal head in the foot, which help to protect the tendons from damage when the foot is on the ground. Sesamoid bones vary in size and shape between people and an individual may have other sesamoid bones in addition to those described.
Platelet rich plasma for hallux sesamoid injuries: a case series
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2022
Hung M. Le, Andrea Stracciolini, Cynthia J. Stein, Bridget J. Quinn, Sarah S. Jackson
The majority of these injuries can be treated conservatively, but some have described better pain control with surgical intervention [6]. Recovery from a sesamoid stress fracture is typically a lengthy process, with 5 months being the average time to return to sports or becoming pain free [7]. Furthermore, over 10% of cases may remain symptomatic for over a year [7]. Outside of surgical intervention, there are minimal treatment options for patients with a prolonged course of recovery [5]. We propose ultrasound guided platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with needle fenestration may offer a non-surgical treatment option as it has shown to have potential in enhancing bone healing [8]. This case series highlights three teenage athletes who underwent PRP injection to treat their chronic hallux sesamoid injuries.
Transosseous Sutures in Tendon-to-Bone Repairs: the Role of the Epitendinous Suture
Published in Journal of Investigative Surgery, 2022
Samuel M. Christen, Jörg G. Gruenert, Patrick S. Harenberg
For our experiment we chose porcine forelimbs because the anatomical dimensions and biomechanical properties of the tendons are similar to human flexor tendons [31, 32]. The feet of freshly butchered pigs were obtained from a local butcher’s shop. Based on preliminary data, a power analysis (SPSS Sample Power 3, IBM Inc., Armonk NY, USA) for 90% power was conducted which revealed a necessary number (n) of 5. To compensate for the eventuality of errors, a n of 10 was chosen. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups with n = 10 flexor tendons per group. The deep flexor tendons (two per foot) were dissected from the proximal amputation level to the tendon insertion in the distal phalanx of the claw. Afterwards, the distal phalanx was exarticulated and freed from surrounding skin and subcutaneous tissue. The sesamoid bone present at the dorsal aspect of the tendon near the insertion was removed. The tendon was then transected in a transverse plane at the base of the phalanx.
Diagnosis and conservative management of great toe pathologies: a review
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2021
Nicholas A. Andrews, Jessyca Ray, Aseel Dib, Whitt M. Harrelson, Ankit Khurana, Maninder Shah Singh, Ashish Shah
Patients with sesamoid disorders, such as a sesamoid fracture, dislocation, or sesamoiditis, will present complaining of pain below the first MTP joint. Sesamoid fractures and dislocations are caused by falls onto the forefoot or crush injury. The presence of a bipartite sesamoid is a common, normal variant found on examination and can make the identification of fractures difficult. While most sesamoid fractures are present acutely, sesamoiditis has both acute and chronic presentations. Acute sesamoiditis is associated with vigorous physical activity (running or jumping) and some types of minor trauma (excessive dorsiflexion at MTP joint or dancing). Symptoms may be more pronounced upon walking barefoot, since this will add more pressure on the plantar MTP surface [25].