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Lower Limb Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Malynda Williams
An accessory slip or head of popliteus may originate from the lateral femoral condyle, from the sesamoid bone in the lateral head of gastrocnemius, from the posterior cruciate ligament, or from the posterior knee joint capsule (Macalister 1875; Knott 1883a; Le Double 1897; Bergman et al. 1988; Lambert 2016; Standring 2016). It can insert with popliteus into the tibia and may be situated in front of or behind the vessels in the popliteal fossa (Macalister 1875; Bergman et al. 1988; Lambert 2016). Accessory slips in this region may also extend to the posterior wall of the capsule of the knee joint, the fibular head, or to the tibia near the insertion of the posterior cruciate ligament (Bergman et al. 1988). Using MRI, both Duc et al. (2004) and Hahn et al. (2019) found accessory popliteus muscles with an origin from the lateral head of gastrocnemius and insertion into the posteromedial articular capsule of the knee joint. An accessory slip of popliteus may present as popliteus minor, a muscle situated medial to plantaris that extends from the posterior surface of the lateral condyle of the tibia to the oblique popliteal ligament (Standring 2016). Knott (1883b) describes popliteus minor as an accessory bundle that originates from the lateral tendon of gastrocnemius.
A to Z Entries
Published in Clare E. Milner, Functional Anatomy for Sport and Exercise, 2019
The quadriceps femoris muscle group – the rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus intermedius – extends the knee. The hamstrings – the long and short head of the biceps femoris, plus semitendinosus and semimembranosus – flex the knee. Popliteus is a small muscle that flexes and internally rotates the knee. The gastrocnemius of the leg also has a flexing action on the knee, but its major role at the knee is preventing hyperextension of the knee joint. Gastrocnemius also plantarflexes the ankle (see ankle and foot – muscles).
Biomechanics and Joint Replacement of the Knee
Published in Manoj Ramachandran, Tom Nunn, Basic Orthopaedic Sciences, 2018
Alister Hart, Joshua Lee, Richard Carrington, Paul Allen
From extension to full flexion, the tibia internally rotates with respect to the femur. From full flexion to extension, the tibia externally rotates with respect to the femur. The external rotation of the tibia on the femur that occurs during the terminal degrees of knee extension is termed the screw-home mechanism and results in tightening of both the cruciate ligaments, locking the knee such that the tibia is in the position of maximal stability with respect to the femur. Contraction of the popliteus, causing internal rotation of the tibia, is responsible for the unlocking of the knee when the knee moves from full extension to initiation of flexion.
The association of the localized pain sensitivity in the residual limb and prosthesis use in male veterans with transtibial amputation
Published in Assistive Technology, 2023
Kamiar Ghoseiri, Mohammad Yusuf Rastkhadiv, Mostafa Allami, Phillip Page, Lars L. Andersen, Duane C. Button
In line with previous studies about pressure algometry of the TRL, 12 anatomical sites that most often require relief or load-bearing at the socket–skin interface during socket fabrication (Foort, 1965; Kark & Simmons, 2011; Lee et al., 2005) were marked by a certified prosthetist (Figure 1). The sites that commonly need relief were tibial tuberosity, midshaft of the tibia, fibular head, the distal end of the tibia, the distal end of the fibula, and the distal end of the residual limb. The sites that are commonly used for load-bearing were mid-patellar tendon, medial tibial flare, mid-shank of the fibula, anterolateral of the tibia, anteromedial of the tibia, and lateral side of the popliteus muscle.
The effect of Knee-Ankle-Foot orthosis stiffness on the parameters of walking
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2018
Sayed Mohammad Ali Abtahi, Nima Jamshidi, Aram Ghaziasgar
Popliteus, Hamstring, and the Quadriceps femorus allow for balance, movement (extending and flexing the knee during walking), and stability at the knee joint, respectively. Weakness in the contraction of every one of these three muscles can cause disorders in the knee.
Role of magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of the popliteus musclotendinous injuries as a part of the posterolateral corner injuries of the knee
Published in Alexandria Journal of Medicine, 2018
Aly A. Abdel-Kerim Farahat, Abd ElAziz Elnekeidy, Mohamed Abdel Motaleb Abdelgelil
The popliteus muscle forms part of the floor of the popliteal fossa. It is triangular in shape, thin and flat in dimensions and is broadly attached to the posterior aspect of the medial surface of the tibia just above the soleal line.2