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History Stations
Published in Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Livy Kenyon, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, ENT OSCEs, 2023
Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Livy Kenyon, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar, Joseph Manjaly, Peter Kullar
The nasal septum is the division between the left and right nostrils. It is composed of five structures: perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, vomer, cartilage, maxillary crest and palatine crest.
Anatomy of the Nose and Paranasal Sinuses
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
Dustin M. Dalgorf, Richard J. Harvey
The superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) provides a vascular rich covering to the underlying skeleton from superior labial and facial artery branches and corresponding venous and lymphatic vessels. Its function is to compress, dilate, depress or elevate the nostrils and nasal tip. These muscles are all supplied by branches of the facial nerve. The nasal elevators include the procerus, levator labii superioris alaeque nasi and anomalous nasi muscles. The depressors include the alar nasalis and depressor septi nasi muscles. Compressor muscles include the transverse nasalis and compressor narium minor. The dilator naris anterior muscle acts as a minor dilator.
Care of the baby
Published in Michael S. Marsch, Janet M. Rennie, Phillipa A. Groves, Clinical Protocols in Labour, 2020
Michael S. Marsch, Janet M. Rennie, Phillipa A. Groves
After most deliveries, the baby, if the mother wishes, will normally be delivered onto the mother’s abdomen and should be dried and well covered with a warm towel. the cord is clamped and cut when appropriate, depending on the management of the third stage of labour or according to the mother’s wishes. It is not usually necessary to suction the pharynx and may be harmful if done too vigorously. Most babies do not need suction of the mouth, but if copious blood or mucous is present, this should be performed gently and effectively at birth for 10 s only. Meconium, if present, should also be sucked away. the nostrils should be gently cleared of blood, vernix or mucous by ‘blowing the nose’ with a swab or tissue. the components of the Apgar score at 1 min and 5 min after birth are recorded as are the times to the first breath and to regular breathing.
Preparation of baicalin-loaded ligand-modified nanoparticles for nose-to-brain delivery for neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia
Published in Drug Delivery, 2022
Xinxin Li, Shuling Li, Chun Ma, Tieshu Li, Lihua Yang
Fluorescence distribution tracking in rat brain was performed using DiR-labeled PEG–PLGA NPs and PEG–PLGA RNPs. For intranasal administration, two types of fresh solutions of NPs were alternately applied to both nostrils of rats using a pipette. For intravenous administration, the same two types of NPs, PEG–PLGA NPs, and PEG–PLGA RNPs, containing the same equivalent amounts of BA were injected into the tail veins of rats. At 30 and 120 min after injection or intranasal administration, the animals were decapitated, their blood was collected, and a craniotomy was rapidly performed. The brains of the animals were immediately dissected into their major anatomical regions (olfactory bulb, cortex, striatum, midbrain, hippocampus, and cerebellum) using fine-tipped forceps. Surface blood was removed by washing with normal saline.
A new technique for Asian nasal tip shaping: "twin tower" folding ear cartilage transplantation
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2022
Long Zhang, Jiang-wen Wang, Jun Ding, Xi Zhang, Xi-mei Wang, Zhan-zhao Zhang, Run-ze Yu
Inclusion criteria: patients with congenital saddle nose deformity, round, blunt and flat nose tip or too short nose length; patients with poor shape after injection rhinoplasty and prosthetic rhinoplasty seeking secondary repair. Exclusion criteria: including but not limited to coagulation disorders, heart disease, pregnant women; severe short nose (The length from the base of the normal nose to the tip of the nose is about one-third of the full face. If the length of the nose is less than one-third of the full face, it is a short nose. If the length of the nose is less than 5 mm or more than the normal value, the nose is rounded and blunt, the nostrils are exposed, and the root of the nose and the dorsum of the nose is severely flattened.) and contracture nose with severe tissue damage; severe deviated septal cartilage; high surgical expectations or pursuit of exaggerated effects.
Versatility of composite grafts for nasal defects – a case series
Published in Case Reports in Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2022
Caroline Asirvatham Gjorup, Michael Prangsgaard Moeller, Camilla Asklund, Lisbet Rosenkrantz Hölmich, Line Bro Breiting
In conclusion, many defects near or involving the alar rim, both superficial and full thickness, can be managed successfully with composite grafts, harvested from the auricle. In our experience, composite grafts are versatile and can be used for reconstruction of the lower third of the nose after oncological resection, and to correct collapse of the nostril and alar retraction. Thorough analysis of the location and the dimensions of the defect is crucial. Composite grafts are an excellent method of reconstruction to master for reconstructive surgeons; they are one-stage procedures with no additional midface scars, and the procedure can be carried out under local anaesthesia and is well tolerated by patients. This especially applies to defects at the alar rim or close to the alar rim. With through and through defects there are other good alternatives for reconstruction. These, however, often require multiple procedures, often under sedation or general anaesthesia. Many older patients as in our case series, need and/or prefer a simple immediate reconstruction, which can be performed in the outpatient clinic under local anaesthesia. Composite graft for alar reconstruction is thus a method that should be considered in selected cases. As with all reconstructions the choice of patient/defect is crucial when choosing the method of reconstruction.