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Pericardium
Published in Mary N. Sheppard, Practical Cardiovascular Pathology, 2022
It can be extremely difficult to distinguish reactive mesothelial proliferations from malignant mesothelioma. Benign mesothelial proliferations can be seen with recurrent pericardial effusions that suggest malignancy and the cells can be very pleomorphic, which presents difficulties in cytological examination. In general, malignant mesotheliomas infiltrate the underlying fibrous and fatty tissue or myocardium, and have spindle malignant sarcomatoid areas, all features lacking in reactive mesothelial processes. Immunohistochemical stains are of no use in separating malignant from benign mesothelial reactions but strong EMA expression favours malignancy. Also, use of keratin immunostaining may help in determining infiltration of cells into the pericardial fat, which never occurs in benign lesions.
De Fabrica Humani Corporis—Fascia as the Fabric of the Body
Published in David Lesondak, Angeli Maun Akey, Fascia, Function, and Medical Applications, 2020
The opposite, shedding cells (in Blechschmidt’s jargon), could then be recognized as the ability of the mesenchyme to create body cavities. Consider the pleural cavities or peritoneal cavity. Both of these membranes are often histologically described as mesothelium—an epithelium formed by mesenchyme (connective tissue). The essential difference is that the mesothelium defines and creates the interstitial space. Epithelium usually defines an outside wall or a lumen of a tube. Also, if the sliding movement is compromised, the mesothelial layers will tend to stick and adhere to each other. With a so-called body cavity such as the oral cavity, covered with epithelium, that tendency will not be as pronounced.
Methods in Experimental Pathology of the Pleura
Published in Joan Gil, Models of Lung Disease, 2020
Contrary to the intrapleural and intraperitoneal injection, inhalation of asbestos fibers needs to be repetitive for a long time and results in a low yield of mesothelioma in laboratory animals (Gross and de Treville, 1967). Retention and clearance of inhaled particles are mostly performed in the study of pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancers (Brody et al., 1981; Gross and de Treville, 1967). Mesotheliomas can also be induced in vitro by exposing asbestos or other carcinogens to cultured mesothelial cells. The transformed cells can be implanted in nude mice to show the cells’ neoplastic nature.
Asbestos dust concentrations and health conditions of workers at asbestos-cement corrugated sheet production manufacturers in Vietnam: a nationwide assessment
Published in International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics, 2023
Hang Thi Le, Hoa Thi Dinh, Tam Thi Ngo
This survey suggested several recommendations. Firstly, factories, especially small-scale factories, need to improve the working environment conditions, especially personal asbestos exposure. Optimizing the production process through automation is a necessary trend that factories need to apply in the production process. Secondly, it is necessary to conduct periodic health checks for this group of workers, to detect early signs of cancer and lung disease, thereby helping to prevent disease. Third, it is necessary to improve the process of assessing and monitoring the environment and workers’ health at these factories, applying information technology, and thereby helping management agencies to access data on issues related to health and safety on time. Fourth, given the low cost of asbestos-cement corrugated sheets in construction, completely banning asbestos is difficult in Vietnam in the near future; however, the government should have clear and possible road maps to ban the use of asbestos to avoid any potential consequences. Finally, with the onset of mesothelioma requiring a long period of asbestos exposure, further studies are needed to evaluate biomarkers for early warning of mesothelial cancer development in this group of workers.
Proteomic study of mesothelial and endothelial cross-talk: key lessons
Published in Expert Review of Proteomics, 2022
Juan Manuel Sacnun, Rebecca Herzog, Klaus Kratochwill
Mesothelial cells (MCs) represent the uppermost cell layer lining the peritoneum, pleura, and pericardium, thus the ones exposed to luminal fluids such as peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids, intraperitoneal chemotherapeutic agents, and ascites. MCs are derived from the mesoderm presenting both epithelial and mesenchymal characteristics. They form a monolayer, the mesothelium, serving as lubricated protective barrier for intraperitoneal and thoracic organs [1–3]. However, the mesothelium has a wide range of functions including cytokine production, transport, inflammation mediation, and coagulation [4–16]. In research focusing on (non-mesothelioma) mesothelium, different cells are used ranging from immortalized human pleural (MeT-5A) and peritoneal (HMRSV5) cell lines to primary MC isolated from omentum, effluent, pericardial, or pleural tissue from humans or animals.
Novel mesothelin antibody-drug conjugates: current evidence and future role in the treatment of ovarian cancer
Published in Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 2021
Dennis Mauricio, Justin Harold, Joan R. Tymon-Rosario, Burak Zeybek, Alessandro D. Santin
Mesothelial cells line the pleural, pericardial, and peritoneal cavities. Mesothelin (MSLN) is a surface glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-linked membrane glycoprotein originally identified in 1992 [5,15,16]. The amino-terminal peptide end attached to mesothelin (megakaryocyte potentiating factor, or MPF) was discovered in a pancreatic cancer cell line and is so named due to its stimulation of megakaryocytes via IL-3 [17]. The role of mesothelin physiologically and in the pathogenesis of certain cancers is yet to be completely elucidated; however, it does mediate cellular adhesion via binding to CA125/MUC16. This is hypothesized to result in the characteristic peritoneal dissemination of epithelial ovarian cancer. Intracellularly, binding of mesothelin results in downstream activation of signaling pathways including MAPK, NFkB, and PI3K that result in avoidance of apoptosis [15,18,19]. Mesothelin may also be detected in serum, potentially lending itself to functioning as a tumor marker [16,20,21]. As of yet, it has not been used as a criterion or biomarker [16,20]