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The ankle and foot
Published in David Silver, Silver's Joint and Soft Tissue Injection, 2018
The painful heel is an acutely tender spot in the middle of the heel pad, which can be accurately palpated by firm pressure. The pain is due to plantar fasciitis, which is a strain of the long plantar ligament at its insertion into the calcaneum. The condition may occur alone or in other forms of arthritis, such as Reiter’s disease and ankylosing spondylitis.
Lower limb
Published in David Heylings, Stephen Carmichael, Samuel Leinster, Janak Saada, Bari M. Logan, Ralph T. Hutchings, McMinn’s Concise Human Anatomy, 2017
David Heylings, Stephen Carmichael, Samuel Leinster, Janak Saada, Bari M. Logan, Ralph T. Hutchings
Long plantar ligament - a strong band that runs from the calcaneus to the cuboid and the bases of the middle three metatarsals. It converts the groove on the cuboid into a tunnel for the fibularis (peroneus) longus tendon.
The Articulations of the Lower Member
Published in Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause, Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 2009
Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause
A number of important ligaments on the plantar surface of the foot not only help to maintain the integrity of the bony articulations but also provide strong support for the arches of the foot. These include the plantar calcaneonavicular ligament, the long plantar ligament and the short plantar ligaments.
Finite element analysis of shank and ankle with different boot collar heights in parachuting landing on inversion ground surface
Published in Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering, 2022
Chenyu Luo, Tianyun Jiang, Shan Tian, Jie Yao, Yubo Fan
Afterwards, the geometry models were meshed using Hypermesh 13.0 (Altair, US), as shown in Figure 2. The element types of the FE model were shown in Table 1. The bones, cartilages, encapsulated soft tissue and boot sole were meshed using tetrahedron elements. The boot collar was meshed by triangular prism elements. The meshed models were then imported to the Abaqus 6.14 software (Simulia, US) and then assembled. The ligament (including fascia, metatarsophalangeal ligament, cuneonavicula ligament, cuneocuboideum ligament, subtalar ligament, ankle joint ligament, metatarsal ligament, long plantar ligament) were developed as wire connector elements in Abaqus 6.14 (Figure 2c). Interactions among the cartilages were defined as surface-to-surface contact without friction. The ground support was set as a rigid plate and was meshed using hexahedral solid elements. Interactions between boot and soft tissue were simplified and defined as surface-to-surface contact without friction. Interaction between the boot sole and the ground support was defined as surface-to-surface contact with the friction coefficient of 0.456 measured by the friction measurement machine (SATRA TM144, SATRA Technology Centre, UK). The material properties of the FE model are shown in Table 1 (Cheung et al. 2005; Guo et al. 2016; Jin et al. 2019; Qian et al. 2013; Wong et al. 2016). The bones, cartilages, boot sole and boot collar were set as linear elastic isotropic materials. The soft tissue was set as hyperelastic material with the second-order polynomial strain energy potential (C10 = 0.08556, C01 = −0.05841, C20 = 0.039, C11 = −0.02319, C02 = 0.00851, D1 = 3.65273, D2 = 0). The ligaments and the fascia were tension-only linear elastic material.