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Head and Neck
Published in Rui Diogo, Drew M. Noden, Christopher M. Smith, Julia Molnar, Julia C. Boughner, Claudia Barrocas, Joana Bruno, Understanding Human Anatomy and Pathology, 2018
Rui Diogo, Drew M. Noden, Christopher M. Smith, Julia Molnar, Julia C. Boughner, Claudia Barrocas, Joana Bruno
The maxillary nerve (CN V2) also has many sensory branches. The nasopalatine nerve is a branch of CN V2 that lies in the mucosa of the nasal septum and runs with the sphenopalatine artery from the spheno-palatine foramen to the incisive canal and supplies the nasal septum and the mucosa that covers the anterior hard palate (Plate 3.39). In the lateral wall of the nasal cavity, the lesser and greater palatine nerves descend from the maxillary nerve, running through the pterygopalatine ganglion into the greater palatine canal, and pass through the lesser and greater palatine foramina, respectively. Parasympathetic fibers run with the maxillary nerve, having originated as branches of the facial nerve. These facial branches run first as the greater petrosal branch of the facial nerve, then as the nerve of the pterygoid canal (Vidian nerve), and then synapse in the pterygopalatine ganglion (see Section 3.3.1.7). Postganglionic axons that arise in this ganglion are distributed with branches of the maxillary nerve (Plate 3.16). The nerves of the pterygopalatine ganglion stimulate the lacrimal gland (crying) and also secretions from the mucosa of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, roof of the mouth, soft palate, and nasopharynx.
Anatomy and Embryology of the Mouth and Dentition
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Terry M Jones, Vinidh Paleri, Nicholas White, Tim Woolford, Head & Neck Surgery Plastic Surgery, 2018
The sensory nerves to the palate are derived from the greater and lesser palatine and nasopalatine branches of the maxillary nerve (Figure 41.10) These nerves pass through the pterygopalatine ganglion. The greater palatine nerve descends through the greater palatine canal, entering the hard palate at the greater palatine foramen. It then passes forwards on the bony palate towards the canine tooth, supplying the gums and the mucosa and glands of the hard palate (excluding the anterior teeth). As it leaves the greater palatine canal, palatine branches are also distributed to the soft palate. The smaller lesser palatine nerves descend through the greater palatine canal to emerge through the inconspicuous lesser palatine foramina and give branches to the uvula, tonsil and soft palate. Fibres conveying taste impulses from the palate probably pass via the palatine nerves to the pterygopalatine ganglion (see Figure 41.10) and through it to the nerve of the pterygoid canal and then the greater petrosal nerve to reach the facial ganglion, where their somata are situated. Parasympathetic postganglionic secretomotor fibres run in the facial nerve through its greater petrosal nerve to reach the pterygopalatine ganglion to be distributed in the palatine nerves, thereby reaching palatine mucous glands.
Specific Synonyms
Published in Terence R. Anthoney, Neuroanatomy and the Neurologic Exam, 2017
Anterior2 palatine nerve (W&W, p. 1065) Greater palatine nerve (ibid.)
Effect of the use of dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant in peribulbar anesthesia in patients presented for vitreoretinal surgeries
Published in Egyptian Journal of Anaesthesia, 2018
Sameh Abdelkhalik Ahmed, Mohamad Gamal Elmawy, Amr Ahmed Magdy
In addition, Obayah et al. [28], evaluated the effect of the addition of dexmedetomidine to the local anesthetics in bilateral greater palatine nerve block in children presented for cleft palate repair under general anesthesia and revealed that dexmedetomidine prolonged the duration of greater palatine nerve block. Also, Fyneface-Ogan et al. [29], who evaluated the addition of either fentanyl or dexmedetomidine as an additive in single shot spinal anesthesia for labour analgesia and demonstrated that the use of dexmedetomidine was associated with a better analgesic properties as compared to the use of fentanyl.
Quantitative sensory testing for assessment of somatosensory function in human oral mucosa: a review
Published in Acta Odontologica Scandinavica, 2018
Pin Zhou, Yaming Chen, Jinglu Zhang, Kelun Wang, Peter Svensson
One study showed that the PPT in the palate was 40% lower in complete-denture-wearing patients than dentate subjects, indicating that wearing a denture may make the mucosa more sensitive to painful pressure stimuli [79]. Functional disturbance in the nasopalatine and greater palatine nerves have also been indicated in complete denture wearers [80]. Moreover, a negative correlation between bite force and PPT was found in the palatal, maxillary and mandibular posterior regions in edentulous patients, which may add another reason for denture pain practice [79].