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Inflammation and Infection
Published in Karl H. Pang, Nadir I. Osman, James W.F. Catto, Christopher R. Chapple, Basic Urological Sciences, 2021
Judith Hall, Christopher K. Harding
Typical symptoms:Flank pain, fever, nausea/vomitingAntecedent history of cystitis
Surgical procedure for subthalamic nucleus stimulation
Published in Hans O Lüders, Deep Brain Stimulation and Epilepsy, 2020
Joshua M Rosenow, Atthaporn Boongird, Nicholas M Boulis, Ali Rezai
A subcutaneous pocket is then created. The most common location for the IPG placement is subclavicular. However, certain patients may require placement in other locations due to body habitus (very thin patients), age (pediatric patients), a history of prior surgery in the region, or awareness of self-image. In addition, certain activities, such as hunting, require the use of the chest to stabilize equipment. The IPG should be placed in a location that minimizes pressure and trauma to the unit. Anecdotal reports cite local trauma as an infection risk with other implanted hardware systems. Other locations include the subcostal area and the flank as well as the lumbar region and buttocks. All of these alternative sites require the use of a longer extension lead. The standard extension is 51 cm in length but a 66 cm version is available.
Cystic diseases of the kidney
Published in J Kellogg Parsons, E James Wright, The Brady Urology Manual, 2019
Flank pain: May be secondary to bleeding in or around the kidney, which occurs in up to 50% of patients.
The presence of intraperitoneal, retroperitoneal and pleural fluid in acute Puumala hantavirus infection
Published in Infectious Diseases, 2023
L. Tervo, T. Outinen, T. Kiekara, J. Tietäväinen, A. Paakkala, I. Pörsti, H. Huhtala, S. Mäkelä, J. Mustonen
Patients with back pain had a more severe AKI than patients without back pain. The typical renal histopathology finding in PUUV-induced AKI is acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) with medullary haemorrhage [30–32]. Heavy accumulation of leukocytes and other inflammatory cells into the kidneys may lead to the swelling of the kidneys, causing reflector back pain. Furthermore, medullary haemorrhages might also lead to capsule stretching and back pain. Flank/back pain has also been reported in other forms of ATIN, and it is considered to result from stretching of the renal capsule due to the infiltration of inflammatory cells [33,34]. In addition, back/flank pain is a common symptom in acute pyelonephritis [35]. In acute bacterial pyelonephritis, the swelling of the kidney, seen in US examination, may also result from inflammatory oedema and cellular infiltration [35].
Extralobar Pulmonary Sequestration in Adrenal Mimicking Neuroblastoma: A Case Report
Published in Fetal and Pediatric Pathology, 2023
Raktim Mukherjee, Oindrila Das, Subhankar Chakravorty, Suravi Mohanty, Uttara Chatterjee
This case was first detected by antenatal USG at 34 weeks as a right sided suprarenal mass. The baby was delivered at 37 weeks of gestation by cesarean section. After birth, clinical examination of the 1 day old girl revealed a sided right flank mass, measuring approx. 4 × 3.8 cm, which did not move with respiration. CECT abdomen revealed a well-defined cystic mass which was entirely sub-diaphragmatic. It measured 3.7 × 4.4 × 4.0 cm and involved the right suprarenal gland with internal septations, without calcification or hemorrhage in the retroperitoneum. The mass was solid-cystic; involving almost the entire adrenal gland; pushing the normal glandular structure at the periphery. A diagnosis of neuroblastoma was suggested on CT. 24-hour urinary VMA levels were within normal limits. Thoracic skiagram revealed no evidence of metastasis. Positron emission tomography scan was planned post-surgery for follow up. A USG guided FNAC was attempted, but it showed scanty cellularity and a decision was taken then to remove the mass via laparoscopic approach.
Laparoscopic nephrectomy for giant benign renal schwannoma: a case report and review of literature
Published in The Aging Male, 2020
Chao Wang, Wuyue Gao, Sun Wei, Wu Ligao, Liu Beibei, Liu Jianmin, Yang Xiaohuai, Guo Yuanyuan
As referred above, the diagnosis of renal schwannoma is not easy because there is no specific symptom and imaging performance. Flank pain is the most common symptom in patients with a big tumor, some other patients are found by routine physical examination. Renal schwannoma should be differentiated from some renal carcinoma, including renal hilar solitary fibrous tumor, renal pelvis carcinoma, renal clear cell carcinoma, and so on. CT scan could provide some information for diagnosis, however, it is difficult to distinguish schwannoma from renal carcinoma and renal pelvis cancer. It is common that schwannoma demonstrates less enhanced imaging than renal cancer in contrast CT scan. Both schwannoma and renal pelvis cancer could be complicated with hydronephrosis, yet the former often grows beside of renal pelvis. Histological examination is an essential means to confirm the diagnosis of renal schwannoma. Typical schwannoma includes Antoni A and Antoni B areas [11], which can be observed under a light microscope by hematoxylin and eosin staining. In addition, S-100, a relatively specific marker for diagnosing schwannoma, has a positive expression with a different extent in most tumor tissues [12]. Ki-67 presents a lower expression in benign tissue, however, an increased expression could be found in malignancy tumors, by which we confirm the possible character of the tumor.