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The neurological examination
Published in Michael Y. Wang, Andrea L. Strayer, Odette A. Harris, Cathy M. Rosenberg, Praveen V. Mummaneni, Handbook of Neurosurgery, Neurology, and Spinal Medicine for Nurses and Advanced Practice Health Professionals, 2017
Extensor digitorum muscle (Figure 11.1j) Innervation: Posterior interosseous nerve of radial nerve (C7 and C8).Function: Extension of medial four digits; assists in extension of wrist joint.Physical examination: While the patient’s hand is firmly supported by the examiner’s hand, extension at the metacarpophalangeal joints (arrow) is maintained against resistance.
Contralateral Transfer of the Phenomenon of Repeated Bout Rate Enhancement in Unilateral Index Finger Tapping
Published in Journal of Motor Behavior, 2020
Ernst A. Hansen, Søren Bak, Lasse Knudsen, Bo E. Seiferheld, Andrew J. T. Stevenson, Anders Emanuelsen
A better understanding of the behavior and control of human voluntary stereotyped rhythmic movements is beneficial in the work to improve performance, function, and rehabilitation of, for example exercising and injured individuals. Index finger tapping is frequently applied as a motor task for investigations of voluntary rhythmic movements in healthy individuals (Hammond & Gunasekera, 2008; Mora-Jensen, Madeleine, & Hansen, 2017; Wing & Kristofferson, 1973; Zentgraf et al., 2009) as well as in patients (Pitcher, Piek, & Barrett, 2002; Roche, Viswanathan, Clark, & Whitall, 2016; Teo, Rodrigues, Mastaglia, & Thickbroom, 2013). Index finger tapping consists of repeated alternating extension and flexion of the metacarpal phalangeal joint caused primarily by repeated alternating activation of the extensor digitorum muscle and the flexor digitorum profundus muscle.
Effects of the hybrid of neuromuscular electrical stimulation and noxious thermal stimulation on upper extremity motor recovery in patients with stroke: a randomized controlled trial
Published in Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 2019
Chien-Chih Chen, Yu-Ching Tang, Miao-Ju Hsu, Sing-Kai Lo, Jau-Hong Lin
Participants in this group received NMES therapy in conjunction with rehabilitation therapy. NMES was conducted in two rounds totaling 30 min. A portable dual-channel surface neuromuscular stimulation system (Enraf Nonius, Endomed-182, The Netherlands) was used with impulses of biphasic symmetrical trapezoidal waves to deliver NMES. Each application of electrical stimulation lasted 15 min, at a pulse width modulation of 200 µs and a frequency of 50 Hz. The on/off time was set at 10 s on and 10 s off. The intensity varied between 10 and 20 milliamps depending on the participant’s comfort and the maximum extension of the participant’s wrist and finger range of motion. Two circular active electrodes with a diameter of 2 cm were placed on the motor points of the extensor carpi radialis brevis muscle and the extensor digitorum muscle. Two square inactive electrodes (5 × 5 cm2) were also placed on the distal dorsal side of the forearm.
End-to-side neurotization with the phrenic nerve in restoring the function of toe extension: an experimental study in a rat model
Published in Journal of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, 2018
Xiaotian Jia, Chao Chen, Jianyun Yang, Cong Yu
The donor nerve being transferred to the major trunk of the radial nerve is the major surgical method used to restore the motion of digit extension. However, the radial nerve included both sensory and motor nerve fibers from the origin to the elbow level. The mismatch of sensory and motor nerve fibers is inevitable. Lin et al. and Wang et al. [1,2] suggested that the extensor digitorum and extensor pollicis muscles are mainly innervated by the posterior division of the lower trunk of the brachial plexus. According to the anatomy they suggested that, the nerve fibers which innervate the extensor digitorum muscles mainly originate from the lower trunk [7] and only the posterior division of the lower trunk takes part in the combination of the radial nerve. We agreed to the opinion stated by them.