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Upper Limb Muscles
Published in Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo, Handbook of Muscle Variations and Anomalies in Humans, 2022
Eve K. Boyle, Vondel S. E. Mahon, Rui Diogo
Mori (1964) found the third head of the biceps in 10 out of 50 arms (20%). The third head originated from the distal aspect of the deltoid tuberosity in four arms (8%), the distal aspect of the insert site of coracobrachialis in three arms (6%), the tendon of pectoralis major in two arms (4%), and the lesser tubercle in one arm (2%). Ravi et al. (2020) reported supernumerary heads of the biceps in 5 out of 50 arms (10%). The biceps in one of the specimens had four heads, and the muscle in the other specimens had three heads (Ravi et al. 2020).
Upper limb
Published in Aida Lai, Essential Concepts in Anatomy and Pathology for Undergraduate Revision, 2018
Attachments of deltoid– origin: lat. third of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula– insertion: deltoid tuberosity of humerus– nerve SS: axillary n. (C5 and 6)– function: abduct (middle fibres) and flex and medially rotate (ant. fibres), extend and laterally rotate (post. fibres) arm
Deltoid and Scapular Regions
Published in Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause, Musculoskeletal Anatomy, 2009
Gene L. Colborn, David B. Lause
Deltoid Muscle. Identify the deltoid muscle. Define its borders and the orientation of its fibers by freeing the muscle of its fascial investment. The deltoid arises from the lateral third of the clavicle and the acromion process and spine of the scapula. Note the convergence of its fibers toward the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus. The deltoid is the principal abductor of the arm. Its anterior and posterior fibers, respectively, assist in flexion and extension of the arm. The deltoid is innervated by the axillary nerve from C5 and C6 (primarily C5).
Everything pectoralis major: from repair to transfer
Published in The Physician and Sportsmedicine, 2020
Kamali Thompson, Young Kwon, Evan Flatow, Laith Jazrawi, Eric Strauss, Michael Alaia
The sternocostal head is the larger of the two muscles, making up 80% of the entire muscle volume and is composed of seven overlapping segments [3,27,32] (Figure 1). The sternocostal head originates from the second to sixth rib and the costal margin of the sternum with the fibers running upward and laterally. The inferior fibers of the pectoralis major are innervated by the medial pectoral nerve (C8-T1), which exits the medial cord of the brachial plexus, travels with the lateral thoracic artery to pierce the pectoralis minor at the midclavicular line and enters the pectoralis major at a mean of 11.0 cm medial to the humeral insertion (95% confidence interval 8.6–15.3 cm) and 2 cm proximal to the inferior edge [4,20,30]. Its’ primary role is the forward elevation of the humerus, as well as internal rotation, horizontal adduction, and extension. Tendons from both muscular heads converge laterally and insert on to the lateral lip of the bicipital groove of the humerus and the anterior lip of the deltoid tuberosity [30]. The crossing of the tendons occurs as the inferior sternocostal head rotates 180° transforming it into the posterior lamina, while the clavicular head becomes the anterior lamina [33].
Rehabilitation methods for reducing shoulder subluxation in post-stroke hemiparesis: a systematic review*
Published in Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation, 2018
Kamal Narayan Arya, Shanta Pandian, Vinod Puri
Two current studies have been selected for the review on the role of taping technique in the management of the subluxation. In total, investigation on 74 subjects exhibited no potential effect on the reduction of the glenohumeral malalignment. Chatterjee et al.47 carried out an RCT on 30 acute stroke subjects with minimum of 5 mm subluxation in the affected limb using Tri pull taping technique three times/week. Three tape pieces were applied from 1.5 inches below the deltoid tuberosity to mid spine of scapula, two inches above the glenoid fossa and 1.5 inches above clavicle. The regime neither reduced the subluxation nor improved the motor recovery.