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Penile Cancer
Published in Karl H. Pang, Nadir I. Osman, James W.F. Catto, Christopher R. Chapple, Basic Urological Sciences, 2021
Eleni Anastasiadis, Nicholas A. Watkin
Glans penisDrainage towards the frenulum.Encircles the corona and unites with the dorsal lymphatic vessel.Traverses through Buck’s fascia to the base of the penis.Drains into the superficial and deep inguinal lymph nodes via the presymphyseal lymphatics.
Sentinel lymph node biopsy based on anatomical landmarks and locoregional mapping of inguinofemoral sentinel lymph nodes in women with vulval cancer: an operative technique
Published in Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 2023
Fong Lien Kwong, Miski Scerif, Jason KW Yap
Our proposed surgical incision, albeit small, allows the operator to gain access to the superficial and deep inguinal nodes where the SLNs are most likely to be found; in our case, 96.7% of SLN were located within the territory accessed via the incision proposed (Figure 2). Therefore, our proposed incision facilitates rapid and easy access to both superficial and deep inguinal lymph nodes regardless of the patients’ body mass index, and this reduces the need for extensive dissection while minimising the incidence of early and long-term complications associated with SLN biopsy. Our technique provides a fixed anatomical landmark to assist the surgeon in gaining access to SLN and therefore circumvents a number of challenges such as overharvesting lymph nodes and their associated sequelae such as lymphoedema or lymphocyst formation, particularly in obese women. In addition, the benefit of our technique is evidenced by our relatively low incidence of complications; our figures compared favourably with the rates reported in the GROINSS-V trial especially those of wound cellulitis (2.8% vs 4.5%) and dehiscence (11.3% vs 11.7%). Finally, in cases where a full lymphadenectomy may be required in the future, extending the incision parallel to the inguinal ligament is sufficient to facilitate access to the rest of the nodal basin which remains untampered with and hence less likely to be fibrotic at re-exploration.
Penile Sparing Techniques For Penile Cancer
Published in Postgraduate Medicine, 2020
Lymphatic drainage from the penis proceeds in a stepwise fashion from superficial inguinal lymph nodes that lie above the fascia lata, through the sapheno-femoral vein junction, and into the deep inguinal lymph nodes. Drainage continues toward the node of Cloquet and into the iliac nodes of the pelvis. Importantly, there is significant cross-over of the lymphatic drainage into the groin, thereby leading to essentially bilateral lymphatic drainage of the penis into the inguinal lymphatic areas [6].