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Clinical Examination of the Ear and Hearing
Published in R James A England, Eamon Shamil, Rajeev Mathew, Manohar Bance, Pavol Surda, Jemy Jose, Omar Hilmi, Adam J Donne, Scott-Brown's Essential Otorhinolaryngology, 2022
This is only applicable to those with unilateral or asymmetric hearing. An activated tuning fork base is firmly placed in the midline over the forehead, incisor teeth, or skull vertex. The patient is asked to report where in the head the sound is loudest. If heard in the ‘better-hearing’ ear there is a sensorineural impairment in the contralateral ear. If heard in the poorer ear then it has a conductive impairment. The Weber test has a low sensitivity and specificity and is marginally better than chance at determining whether a HL is sensorineural or conductive in nature.
Introduction to the clinical stations
Published in Sukhpreet Singh Dubb, Core Surgical Training Interviews, 2020
The patient would require urgent surgical repair which would involve decompressing the hip joint, and reducing the slipped segment followed by screw fixation. The contralateral hip may also be fixed, though this is often at the discretion of the operating consultant.
Breast cancer
Published in Anju Sahdev, Sarah J. Vinnicombe, Husband & Reznek's Imaging in Oncology, 2020
Sarah J Vinnicombe, Alexandra Athanasiou
Since women with treated breast cancer have at least a fourfold increased relative risk of developing contralateral disease, surveillance of the opposite breast is indicated. Most guidance recommends annual DM until the patient reaches 50. Patients with metachronous contralateral breast cancer detected by surveillance DM have better survival than patients presenting clinically (213).
Using a decision tree approach to determine hearing aid ownership in older adults
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2023
Yvonne Tran, Diana Tang, Catherine McMahon, Paul Mitchell, Bamini Gopinath
Although audiometric results from both better and worse ear hearing loss were entered in the CART model, the resulting model selected only better ear frequencies. This indicates that it was bilateral hearing loss frequencies as opposed to unilateral hearing loss, that were indicators for HA ownership. This may have clinical implications for hearing aid fittings and whether it is the need for two HAs or innovations that enhance bilateral hearing that may provide the effectiveness required to encourage and motivate HA uptake and use, needs further investigation. It is also likely for those with unilateral hearing loss that the remaining function in the contralateral ear might compensate for some of the hearing difficulties experienced. The impacts of unilateral hearing loss on hearing handicap have previously been shown to be less when compared with bilateral hearing loss, especially for the social and emotional domains [38].
Post-stroke lateropulsion and rehabilitation outcomes: a retrospective analysis
Published in Disability and Rehabilitation, 2022
Jessica Nolan, Erin Godecke, Katrina Spilsbury, Barbara Singer
Lateropulsion was initially thought to exist as part of a “pusher syndrome”, first described in 1985 [1]. The initial description of the syndrome included body lateropulsion toward the side contralateral to the brain lesion, contralateral neglect, anosognosia and apraxia [1]. Davies [1] reported that greater numbers of patients with right-sided brain lesions than left-sided lesions exhibit the syndrome, and that those with left-sided lesions and lateropulsion either had very severe aphasia or no speech deficits at all. In part of the Copenhagen Stroke Study, Pedersen et al. [2], however, reported no differences in the incidence of neglect and anosognosia in patients with and without lateropulsion, and no association of lateropulsion with a side of brain lesion. Although the initial assumption that lateropulsion exists as part of a ‘syndrome’ has been rejected, the term “pusher syndrome” is still commonly used in reference to lateropulsion toward the hemiplegic side [2,6–8].
Maximum acceptable level for the determination of ECAP and ESRT in a paediatric population
Published in Cochlear Implants International, 2022
Federica Di Berardino, Sara Cavicchiolo, Maria del Carmen Fuentes, Alejandra Kontides, Kathrin Lauss, Diego Zanetti
The overall presence of ESRs in the range of 68–76% have been reported for paediatric CI users (Bresnihan et al., 2001; Hodges et al., 1999; Spivak and Chute, 1994). In the present study, reflexes were found in 60% of the subjects, which is slightly lower than the prevalence reported in the aforementioned studies for contralateral ESR measurements. The incidence of only contralateral reflexes is even lower (54%). However, differences in the inclusion criteria regarding subjects (unilateral/bilateral) might explain this discrepancy: the reflex was found in 68% of the subjects when measured on a non-operated ear that is similar to the findings in previous studies. If only subjects are considered, who have a threshold present on at least one electrode contact, the success rate results in 75.7%.