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Advanced Rhinoplasty
Published in Suleyman Tas, Rhinoplasty in Practice, 2022
Adam’s apple: Men have a larynx bump called the Adam’s apple while women do not. Rhinoplasty is also a part of sex reassignment surgery, so understanding the gender differences in noses is essential. A cosmetic procedure known as facial feminization surgery aims to form more feminine features on men, so the previously mentioned differences are eliminated. During this procedure, to cover the supraorbital ridge in male patients, either fat can be injected in the concave area or the forehead can be totally exposed through a bi-coronal incision in a more aggressive surgery where the ridge is either rasped or remodeled with osteotomies. The lips, jaw, and face gain more oval lines through the fat injections. Then, the Adam’s apple is incised, and surgery is performed on the vocal cords. Surgeons need to be quite careful in nasal operations for male patients; otherwise, the surgery can transform these secondary sex characteristics in their patients.
Airway management
Published in Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Chris Wright, Trauma Care Pre-Hospital Manual, 2018
Ian Greaves, Keith Porter, Chris Wright
As shown in Figure 8.5, there are three surface landmarks that can be felt at the front of the neck: The thyroid cartilage (Adam’s apple)The cricoid cartilage – the thin ring of cartilage below the thyroid cartilageThe cricothyroid membrane – the small depression between the two aforementioned cartilages
Paediatric Voice Disorders
Published in John C Watkinson, Raymond W Clarke, Christopher P Aldren, Doris-Eva Bamiou, Raymond W Clarke, Richard M Irving, Haytham Kubba, Shakeel R Saeed, Paediatrics, The Ear, Skull Base, 2018
An important feature of the paediatric voice is its pitch. This drops throughout infancy and childhood in males and females, with a marked change at puberty, particularly in males. This change in pitch corresponds to the anterior growth of the thyroid cartilage in response to testosterone and coincides with the development externally of the thyroid prominence or Adam’s apple. The fall in pitch is approximately proportional to the growth of the membranous vocal fold.
Resisting Trans Medicalization: Body Satisfaction and Social Contextual Factors as Predictors of Sexual Experiences among Trans Feminine and Nonbinary Individuals
Published in The Journal of Sex Research, 2023
Chloe Goldbach, Louis Lindley, Annalisa Anzani, M. Paz Galupo
The BIS (Lindgren & Pauly, 1975) is a 30-item self-report scale designed to assess satisfaction with various body parts specifically for transgender individuals. The measure utilizes a Likert-type scale ranging from 1 (very satisfied) to 5 (very dissatisfied). The stem for the scale is “indicate your level of satisfaction with the following body parts” and then participants are presented 30 specific body parts. As published, the BIS has three factors: primary characteristics, secondary characteristics, and neutral characteristics. While the original authors included body features such as shoulders, Adam’s apple, and height as neutral characteristics, it is likely that these features can impact TFNB individuals’ self-image and are not “neutral” to our participants (i.e., broad shoulders, noticeable Adam’s apple, or tall stature; Pulice-Farrow et al., 2020). The original BIS was developed as two versions based on assigned sex. Both versions include the same 27 items based on secondary (e.g., hair, hips) and neutral characteristics (e.g., hands and feet). The two versions, however, differ in primary characteristics. For the assigned male version, participants are asked about body satisfaction related to their penis, scrotum, and testicles. In the assigned female version, participants are asked about body satisfaction related to their clitoris, vagina, and uterus.
Summarizing the medieval anatomy of the head and brain in a single image: Magnus Hundt (1501) and Johann Dryander (1537) as transitional pre-Vesalian anatomists
Published in Journal of the History of the Neurosciences, 2022
The face appears as male, with a prominent chin and laryngeal prominence (Adam’s apple), in contrast to the androgynous subject in Hundt’s figure. In addition, multiple techniques were employed to present the portrait as three-dimensional (in contrast to the “flat” appearance of Hundt’s subject), including (a) use of shadows on the background (notice particularly the dense shadow to the subject’s right, paralleling the curve of neck and shoulder); (b) more realistic use of shadows on the face and neck, including the shadows on the subject’s left cheek (in front of the ramus of the mandible and beneath the left eye), otherwise a region of highlights; (c) depiction of shadows beneath the reflected tissues on the left (on the neck and over the ramus of the mandible); (d) depiction of shadows on the subject’s right frontal and left occipital areas, with a broad area of highlight between these, showing the rounded nature of the skull and brain; and (e) innovatively showing some of the reflected tissues on the subject’s right as overlapping and partially obscuring the printed frame—none of which were present in the earlier image of Hundt’s.
Faces Matter
Published in The American Journal of Bioethics, 2018
Zil Goldstein, Jess Ting, Rosamond Rhodes
Because the face is visible to the outside world, while the genitals are concealed by clothing most of the time, the impact of facial feminization surgery is often far more important and a greater benefit than genital surgery for transgender patients. The changes that come with facial feminization procedures will affect the way someone is seen in the world on a day-to-day basis. Being seen as a woman is important for transgender women, not just because it reduces the distress caused by constantly being seen as a man, but because it can save a transgender woman’s life. Transgender women who are betrayed by their features, a prominent Adam’s apple, for example, are commonly assaulted, and sometimes murdered because they are transgender. Nevertheless, access to the facial reconstruction surgery that is needed to produce feminine facial features is typically limited to patients who have the means to pay out-of-pocket, and the costs can run into many tens of thousands of dollars. Patients who lack the means to pay for these expensive procedures are left to endure repeated assaults and threats of violence from people who are offended by the incongruity of their dress and their facial appearance. Patients at the Center for Transgender Medicine and Surgery at Mount Sinai have repeatedly told our staff about the way they not only are treated differently, but are safer and harassed less frequently after their facial feminization procedures.