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Signal Processing
Published in Stephen Horan, Introduction to PCM Telemetering Systems, 2018
Each filter type has several features of interest, as illustrated for the low pass filter shown in Figure 5.14. The pass band is that region in the frequency domain that is to be passed without attenuation by the filter. If the attenuation is less than 3 dB, then the filter is considered to be passing the signal without attenuation. The cutoff frequency defines the edge of the pass band; that is, all frequencies lower than the cutoff are passed unattenuated while those above it suffer some form of attenuation. The stop band is that region in the frequency domain where the filter attenuates any signal to the point where it is no longer important; that is, the attenuation is at least the minimal stop band attenuation for all frequencies. The transition region is that frequency region between the end of the pass band and the beginning of the stop band. The filter roll off specifies how quickly the filter transitions between the pass band and the stop band. Filter designs usually include specifications for these regions.
S
Published in Philip A. Laplante, Comprehensive Dictionary of Electrical Engineering, 2018
where d is an element of length along C and n is a unit vector normal to the positive side of the element area d S. This relationship may also be considered as an equation defining the curl. stop band the band of frequencies in a filter or application at which substantial attenuation or suppression is required relative to a passband. Stop band filtering is utilized to eliminate known highlevel signals, which will disrupt system operation. Compare with passband. stop bit the last bit (high) transmitted in an asynchronous serial transmission to indicate the end of a character. In some serial transmissions, one and a half to two bits are used as stop bits. stopband edge the frequency at which the attenuation of a signal diminishes; typically the frequency at which the signal is attenuated at 3 dB from the maximum response. storage temperature the maximum nonoperating long-term temperature that a device or
Measurement Systems: Other Components
Published in Patrick F. Dunn, Michael P. Davis, Measurement and Data Analysis for Engineering and Science, 2017
Patrick F. Dunn, Michael P. Davis
The most common types of ideal filters are presented in Figure 7.6. The term ideal implies that the magnitude of the signal passing through the filter is not attenuated over the desired band of frequencies. The term band refers to a range of frequencies and the term pass denotes the unaltered passing. The range of frequencies over which the signal is attenuated is called the stop-band. The low-pass filter passes lower signal frequency content up to the cutoff frequency, fc, and the high-pass filter passes content above fc. A low-pass filter and high-pass filter can be combined to form either a band-pass filter or a notch filter, each having two cutoff frequencies, fcL and fcH. Actual filters do not have perfect step changes in amplitude at their cutoff frequencies. Rather, they experience a more gradual change, which is characterized by the roll-off at fc, specified in terms of the ratio of amplitude change to frequency change.
CSRR Embedded CPW Band-Stop Filter
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2022
Asit K. Panda, Malabika Pattnaik, Rajanikanta Swain
Figure 4(a) shows the simulated reflection and transmission Coefficients of the proposed narrowband BSF (Figure 2(a)). Due to resonance of the CSRR, the transmission zero is at 11.6 GHz. Due to a high-Q structure, it exhibits a narrow 3 dB bandwidth of around 480 MHz from 11.43 GHz to 11.91 GHz. Over this stopband it shows attenuation of −25 dB or better.