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IoT Motivated Cyber-Physical and Industrial Internet Systems
Published in Pankaj Bhambri, Sita Rani, Gaurav Gupta, Alex Khang, Cloud and Fog Computing Platforms for Internet of Things, 2022
A revolution can be defined as an instantaneous and complete shift. The first such shift occurred when people started moving from foraging to farming, resulting in the growth in food production, better transportation, and population growth. Similarly, the industrial revolution marks the development of newer technologies and approaches, which has helped improve economic models and social architectures for improved living index. The first industrial revolution observed the invention of the steam engine, which resulted in the utilization of machines in production. The second industrial revolution marked the invention of electricity and its implementation on the assembly lines in factories, which resulted in the improvement in mass production. The third industrial revolution is also known as the digital revolution. In this revolution, computers were evolved, and semiconductor devices were involved, reducing the size of personal computers. Currently, the fourth industrial revolution is in progress worldwide.
Key Technologies: On-site Technologies
Published in Sandeep Misra, Chandana Roy, Anandarup Mukherjee, Introduction to Industrial Internet of Things and Industry 4.0, 2021
Sandeep Misra, Chandana Roy, Anandarup Mukherjee
Industry 4.0 or the fourth industrial revolution has led to the development of advanced technologies such as smart factories, big data, virtual reality (VR), and augmented reality (AR) [103]. The fourth industrial revolution promotes the adaptation of a sustainable environment and improvement of the working condition of people in the industries. Typically, the maximum working age of present-day factory workers is quite high, which requires safe, easy to handle, and reliable technologies in these industries. Further, the key contributing factors of occupational safety and health (OSH) need to be improved by providing training to the existing personnel. As the traditional production mechanisms are combined with the new technologies, customization of the overall system becomes necessary.
Robots and informats will cause economic and social crises
Published in Jon-Arild Johannessen, Automation, Innovation and Economic Crisis, 2018
In the future, if robots and informats perform most of the heavy physical labour, and mental and intellectual work, respectively, what will be left for people to do? It may be possible that people can then focus on what they do best: think, reflect and communicate. People could then use their time and resources to create a world that many only dream about today. However, this future scenario is not pre-destined. The fourth industrial revolution may easily lead to a situation where only a few profit from the new technology, while the majority will be exposed to economic and social crises. The point being made here is that it is not the robots and informats that will decide how the future unfolds; this will rather depend on what policies people adopt to deal with these technological changes.
A smart warehouse framework, architecture and system aspects under industry 4.0: a bibliometric networks visualisation and analysis
Published in International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications, 2023
Yudi Fernando, Amirulhusni Suhaini, Ming-Lang Tseng, Ahmed Zainul Abideen, Muhammad Shabir Shaharudin
Industries have begun to realise economic prospects and benefits from the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The primary application of an industrial revolution 4.0 (IR4.0) factory is physical and virtual integration with the Internet and the Internet of Things (IoT) (Cheah et al. 2022; Fernando et al. 2023; Jaouhari, Bhilat, and Arif 2023). The United States introduced Advanced Production, which resulted in a backflow of manufacturing. China created the phrase Made in China 2025, and Germany partnered with them on the World's Industry 4.0 Factory mission. Taiwan rolled out Productivity 4.0, which emphasised essential technologies and the development of highly skilled technicians (Majumdar, Garg, and Jain 2020; Choi et al. 2022). These approaches are similar in a certain industrial scenario that strives to improve efficiency and productivity. From the perspective of logistics management, one critical component of IR4.0 implementation is the transformation of the traditional warehouse into a smart warehouse ecosystem. Integrating smart production and inventory management systems to support supply chain integration is complicated without a clear concept of a smart warehouse (Song et al. 2022).
Combining lean and agile manufacturing competitive advantages through Industry 4.0 technologies: an integrative approach
Published in Production Planning & Control, 2023
Bingjie Ding, Xavier Ferràs Hernández, Núria Agell Jané
Nowadays, the escalating demand for mass-customization and personalization, along with shortened product or service lifecycles, is calling for higher agility and cost-competitiveness to cope with increased complexity (Huang, Ceroni, and Nof 2000; Putnik et al. 2013; Alberts 2014). Industry 4.0 was first announced in 2011 at the Hanover Fair, starting as a German governmental programme to increase the competitiveness of their manufacturing industry (Kagermann et al. 2013). It is also characterized as the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The initial notion primarily pointed to a merging of physical and virtual worlds, i.e. Cyber-Physical System (CPS), thus leading to a CPS-based industry. Soon the idea evolved into a symbiosis of CPS with the Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of Services (IoS), justifying the view that it represents an evolution towards digitalization (Camarinha-Matos, Fornasiero, and Afsarmanesh 2017). This idea was then combined with the notion of ‘smartness’, and the terms such as smart machines, smart factories, smart products, and smart environments started to emerge (Kang et al. 2016).
Progressing the health agenda: responsibly innovating in health technology*
Published in Journal of Responsible Innovation, 2018
Every year, the world’s most influential leaders gather in the quaint, wintery town of Davos, Switzerland to discuss the most pressing issues facing humanity. The 2016 World Economic Forum (WEF) centered on the Fourth Industrial Revolution. Klaus Schwab, the Founder and Executive Chairman of the WEF, contends that the world is at the cusp of a Fourth Industrial Revolution (Schwab 2016). The First Industrial Revolution, which spanned from 1760 to 1840, provided mechanical production, with the construction of railroads and the creation of the steam engine. The Second Industrial Revolution, which began at the turn of the twentieth century, brought mass production through the advent of electricity and the assembly line. The Third Industrial Revolution, commencing in the 1960s, saw the invention of computers, semiconductors, and the Internet. Today, the Fourth Industrial Revolution is characterized by smaller, more powerful, and cheaper sensors; cognitive computing advancements in artificial intelligence, robotics, predictive analytics, and machine learning; the Internet of Things; additive manufacturing/3D printing; nanotechnologies; neurotechnology; biotechnology; and much more.