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Prime Movers
Published in A.J. Pansini, K.D. Smalling, Guide to Electric Power Generation, 2020
The surface condenser does not permit the cooling medium and the exhaust steam to come into contact with each other. In the usual surface condenser, the cooling water circulates through tubes, and the steam is brought into contact with the outer surface of the tubes. The water in the cooling tubes may come from bodies of water, such as rivers, lakes or oceans whose purity and salinity, although not affecting the steam, is usually taken into account in the design and operation of condensers. Figures 5-14 (a) and (b).
Energy and Environment
Published in T.M. Aggarwal, Environmental Control in Thermal Power Plants, 2021
The surface condenser is a shell and tube heat exchanger in which cooling water is circulated through the tubes. The exhaust steam from the low pressure turbine enters the shell where it is cooled and converted to condensate (water) by flowing over the tubes as shown in the adjacent diagram. Such condensers use steam ejectors or rotary motor-driven exhausters for continuous removal of air and gases from the steam side to maintain vacuum.
Thermodynamic studies and parametric effects on exergetic performance of a steam power plant
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2019
Vinay Kumar, Bhargav Pandya, Vijay Matawala
DM water is supplied to the dearator by the RODM plant. In dearator the dissolved O2 from the water is removed. After that, water is passed through economizer for pre heating (which is second pass of boiler circuit) by boiler feed pump. This water is supplied to the water walls of boiler, where phase change process takes place and saturated steam is produced, which is supplied to the drum by water walls (density difference). Saturated steam is supplied to the super-heater. Superheated steam is then powered to the turbines and pressure reducing and distribution system (PRDS). By the extraction turbines and PRDS, superheated steam is supplied as processed heat to fatty acid plant. The condensate from condenser is transferred to RODM plant through condensate contamination tank. Steam distribution is carried out in three different pressure lines. First, main supply from 105 bar header, second one is 35 bar header and finally 2.5 bar header. Steam at 105 bar pressure and 510°C is supplied by four boilers A, B, C and D & E. In between 105 and 35 bar header, two TOYO Denkey turbines are placed. Two extractions from both turbines are extracted at 35 and 2.5 bar and are fed into their respected headers. Finally, steam is sent to surface condenser to condense the steam and is fed back to boiler by process. Two PRDS are in between these headers, which bring down pressure from 105 to 35 bar. One PRDS of 105 to 75 bar is kept to supply a 75 bar steam flow to FATS (Fatty Acid and Toilet Soap) production.
Application of entropy and entransy concepts to design shell and tube type surface condenser at different 4L/D ratios for Maral Overseas Ltd
Published in International Journal of Ambient Energy, 2020
This research work is done for surface condenser situated at Maral Overseas Ltd. During analyses, the 4L/D ratio varied and the following parameters were found – effectiveness of heat exchanger, number of transfer units, entropy generation, entransy dissipation, entransy dissipation-based thermal resistance, entransy dissipation number and entransy effectiveness for hot fluid and cold fluid sides. After that, the optimum value of 4L/D ratio was obtained at which surface condenser gives better results in terms of entropy, entransy and effectiveness of heat exchanger. Surface condensers are shown in Figures 1 and 2.