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Assessment of Power System Stability and Dynamic Security Performance
Published in Leonard L. Grigsby, Power System Stability and Control, 2017
Power flow analysis refers to the determination of the steady-state operation condition of a power system for a given set of network configuration, controls, and known inputs. It is used for most of the SSA tasks, for example, thermal loading and voltage analysis. Mathematically, the power flow analysis problem is formulated as a set of nonlinear algebraic equations, and well-developed solution methods are available, including the fast decoupled method and the Newton–Raphson method. Power flow analysis is also the foundation of many of the more advanced analyses for DSA. For example, it provides the initial condition for the time-domain simulations in transient stability analysis.
Power Flow on Transmission Networks
Published in George Kusic, Computer-Aided Power Systems Analysis, 2018
For a power flow calculation, one bus is designated as the slack bus and has a fixed voltage. Its phase angle is usually used as the reference for other buses on the system. Equation 5.4 to Equation 5.9 are derived for an n = 2 bus system, but by inductive arguments, it can be shown that n − 1 complex bus power constraints may be imposed in an n-bus load-flow calculation. Stated in another way, n − 1 power injections may be specified for an n-bus system. Special cases such as fixed voltage magnitudes at some buses or multiple slack buses are also treated by designating one bus as the slack bus for power flow calculations.
Electric Machines and Power Systems
Published in Mohd Hasan Ali, Wind Energy Systems, 2017
In power engineering, the power flow study (also known as load flow study) is an important tool involving numerical analysis applied to a power system. Unlike traditional circuit analysis, a power flow study usually uses simplified notation such as a one-line diagram and per-unit system and focuses on various forms of AC power (i.e., reactive, real, and apparent) rather than voltage and current. It analyzes the power systems in normal steady-state operation. There exist a number of software implementations of power flow studies.
An Artificial Neural Network Approach to Performance Investigation of Radial Distribution System with Series Capacitor Installation
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2023
Yuvraj Praveen Soni, Eugene Fernandez
Load flow analysis is a crucial mathematical technique used to assess the performance of a DS by allowing planners to examine power flow, voltage profile and line losses in the system. The two commonly used load flow analysis techniques are Gauss-Seidel (GS) and Newton-Raphson (NR) power flow However, both methods can experience convergence failure, with high dispersion of Jacobian Matrix causing convergence issues in the NR method and dispersed generation modeled as PV nodes resulting in solution divergence in the GS method. To address the convergence failure possibility in load flow analysis, the paper proposes an alternative strategy that involves using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). ANN have proven to be robust in various power system applications [23–25], although it has not been seen widely used to analyze distribution feeder networks, providing an opportunity for further research.
A New Current Injection Based Power Flow Formulation
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2020
Abhishek Kumar, Bablesh Kumar Jha, Devender Singh, Rakesh Kumar Misra
Load flow analysis involves computing the voltage of nodes and the power flow through lines of a system for a given load profile. Several studies have proposed different power flow analysis models to address the characteristics of distribution systems and microgrids. In some studies, Newton-Raphson (NR) method [1, 2] while in others Gauss-Siedel method [3, 4] are used in mathematical analysis models. Kersting et al. [5] introduced an approach for solving the power flow analysis problems using basic electric circuit laws. Tinney et al. [6] proposed an optimal solution for power flow equations using a Newton-based power flow algorithm. Zhang and Cheng [7] presented a modified method, called backward/forward sweep (BFS) method, for solving the power mismatch equations. Chen et al. [8] introduced an implicit Z-Bus method for the power flow problem by adopting a superposition principle which considers a single source at a time. Power flow equations can be written in the form of power mismatches [1, 2] and current mismatches [9–11].
An Efficient Load Flow Algorithm for AC–DC Distribution Systems
Published in Electric Power Components and Systems, 2018
Krishna Murari, Narayana Prasad Padhy
For proper planning, analysis and optimal operation of transmission or distribution system, a power flow or load flow study has to be carried out. Owing to the high R/X ratio and mostly radial structure of the distribution system, the general load flow methods available (for transmission systems) cannot be applied to the distribution systems. The load flow algorithms (for AC distribution systems) that are successfully executed and reported in the literatures are broadly divided in two categories: Newton–Raphson and Fast Decoupled based load flow methods.Backward/forward sweep based load flow methods.