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High-Energy (X-Ray and γ-Ray) Photon Interactions with Matter
Published in Harry E. Martz, Clint M. Logan, Daniel J. Schneberk, Peter J. Shull, X-Ray Imaging, 2016
Harry E. Martz, Clint M. Logan, Daniel J. Schneberk, Peter J. Shull
Photonuclear absorption, also called photodisintegration or phototransmutation, is a nuclear reaction in which the absorption of high-energy electromagnetic radiation (an x-ray or γ-ray photon) causes the absorbing nucleus to change to another species by ejecting a subatomic particle, such as a proton, neutron, or alpha particle. For example, 25Mg, upon absorbing a photon of sufficient energy, emits a proton and becomes 24Na. Photodisintegration differs from the nuclear reaction photofission, in which a nucleus, upon absorbing a photon, splits into two fragments of nearly equal mass. Photonuclear interaction of photons with matter is typically not a significant mode of attenuation for imaging. It can produce residual radioactivity.
Nuclear and Particle Physics with Ultraintense Lasers
Published in Shalom Eliezer, Kunioki Mima, Applications of Laser–Plasma Interactions, 2008
José Tito Mendonça, Shalom Eliezer
Nuclear fission induced by ultraintense laser matter interaction was suggested (Boyer et al., 1988) and detected experimentally (Cowan et al., 2000; Ledingham et al., 2000). These fission processes can be induced by high-energetic photons (photofission) γ+A→f1+f2+xn
On the Numerical Method for Photofission-Based Nuclear Material Isotopic Composition Estimation in Thorium-Uranium Systems
Published in Nuclear Science and Engineering, 2022
Kim Wei Chin, Rei Kimura, Hiroshi Sagara, Kosuke Tanabe
The feasibility of PFRR for detecting highly enriched uranium using bremsstrahlung photons was validated, and the ratio of the photofission reaction rate of the uranium target by a higher photon energy to that of a lower photon energy one (higher than the photofission threshold energy) exhibits a linearly increasing relationship with uranium enrichment.4–6 However, the current PFRR method, which is based on an inverse matrix, encounters difficulties when more than two nuclide systems, such as 233U, 235U, and 238U, are considered.