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Solar radiation characteristics and impacts, including the greenhouse effect
Published in John Twidell, Renewable Energy Resources, 2021
In addition to the obvious daily and seasonal regular variations of insolation, as in Figs 2.7 and 2.10(a), there may be significant irregular variations from cloud and aerosol, as in Fig. 2.10(b). Such variation affects, for instance: (i) energy storage, e.g. volume of hot water tank for heat or battery capacity for stand-alone photovoltaic power, (ii) grid electricity power flows from solar plant, and (iii) benefits of passive solar building design. Records of past irradiance in a local climate may be used to predict future irradiance statistically, e.g. see Hansen et al., Statistical Criteria for Characterizing Irradiance Time Series.
Application of Green Technology for Energy Conservation and Sustainable Development
Published in Miguel A. Esteso, Ana Cristina Faria Ribeiro, A. K. Haghi, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering for Sustainable Development, 2020
The passive solar building design is mainly focused on collecting and saving the solar energy. In winter, the saved solar energy is given out as heat, and in summer, the solar power avoids solar heat. Mechanical or electrical devices are not commonly used in passive solar building designs. Cultivation of solar energy in passive solar building design is mainly by the use of heat resistance and shadowing. In new buildings, the passive solar design can be applied easily. The modification of existing buildings can also be achieved with the passive solar building design. The passive solar design utilizes sunlight excluding active mechanical systems. By making use of external energy supply, passive solar building design converts sunlight into usable heat and causes air circulation for ventilating.
Modular Systems for Energy Conservation and Efficiency
Published in Yatish T. Shah, Modular Systems for Energy Usage Management, 2020
Of all the steps outlined above for energy conservation and efficiency in homes, the passive modular solar building design does not require additional mechanical or electrical means for reduction in energy consumption. In modular passive solar building design, windows, walls, and floors are made to collect, store, and distribute solar energy in the form of heat in the winter and reject solar heat in the summer. This is called passive solar design or climatic design because, unlike active solar heating systems, it does not involve the use of mechanical and electrical devices. They are however modular in nature. In designing an active solar heating building or zero-energy building, passive solar building design forms a prelude or basis for building architecture. It reduces the energy load required for active solar energy and zero-energy building [8, 9].
Folded double-skin façade (DSF): in-depth evaluation of fold influence on the thermal and flow performance in naturally ventilated channels
Published in International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 2022
Javad Ahmadi, Mohammadjavad Mahdavinejad, Somayeh Asadi
Based on the study by Lai and Hokoi (2015), building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) and some DSF applications are classified as opaque facades. The electricity conversion efficiency of a PV module is related to the temperature of the solar cell, and its efficiency decreases by an increase in the temperature of the solar cells. The temperature influence can be mitigated or eliminated through the ventilation technique. From the perspective of a passive solar building design, ventilation techniques can reduce the effect of temperature on DSFs and the BIPV systems. Sun et al. (2011) tested and simulated the PV Trombe wall and showed that employing a window on the south façade was beneficial for indoor warming although it reduced the thermal efficiency of the wall system by nearly 27%. Peng et al. (2015) also investigated the overall performance of ventilated PV DSF under different ventilation conditions and demonstrated a better-ventilated mode for improving PV efficiency and reducing solar heat gain. Moreover, Yang, Burnett, and Ji (2000) studied the cooling reduction of a ventilated PV DSF by up to 50%.