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Review of power converters
Published in V.S.K.V. Harish, Amit Vilas Sant, Arun Kumar, Renewable Energy Integration with Building Energy Systems, 2022
Amit Vilas Sant, Meet Patel, V.S.K.V. Harish
Solar and wind energy are employed for electric power generation. More and more countries are implementing legislative measures to facilitate and encourage renewable energy system-based electric power generation. Wind energy conversion systems harvest the kinetic energy of the wind, converting it into rotational energy and finally into electrical energy. Wind turbines are responsible for the conversion of the kinetic energy of the wind into mechanical energy. Similarly, electric generators convert this mechanical energy into electrical energy. Moreover, only a small operating range is available for electric power generation. In solar systems, photovoltaic panels are employed to convert solar energy into electrical energy. The output of the photovoltaic panel is dc, whereas the grid, as well as the majority of the loads, requires ac supply. Electric power generation from renewable energy sources is highly dependent on environmental conditions.
Evolutionary Computation Framework for Handling Resource and Optimization of Solar Energy Harvesting System for WSN
Published in R.S. Chauhan, Kavita Taneja, Rajiv Khanduja, Vishal Kamra, Rahul Rattan, Evolutionary Computation with Intelligent Systems, 2022
Solar energy from sunlight is collected in solar panels and transformed into electricity. The DC-DC buck converter is shut off, and this causes voltage magnitude to be controlled and transferred to the same rechargeable unit. An MPPT sensor controls the solar panel’s current and voltage, changing the duty period as a Buck MOSFET DC-DC converter (Mathews et al., 2015).
Photovoltaic Power Systems
Published in Mukund R. Patel, Omid Beik, Wind and Solar Power Systems, 2021
The photoconversion efficiency of the cell is insensitive to the solar radiation in the practical working range. For example, Figure 11.11 shows that the efficiency is practically the same at 500 W/m2 and at 1000 W/m2. This means that the conversion efficiency is practically the same on a bright sunny day as on a cloudy day. We get a lower power output on a cloudy day not because the photoconversion efficiency is lower, but because of the lower solar energy impinging on the cell.
Investigating photovoltaic solar power output forecasting using machine learning algorithms
Published in Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics, 2022
Yusuf Essam, Ali Najah Ahmed, Rohaini Ramli, Kwok-Wing Chau, Muhammad Shazril Idris Ibrahim, Mohsen Sherif, Ahmed Sefelnasr, Ahmed El-Shafie
Solar energy, which is the radiant light and heat originating from the Sun, is a type of renewable energy that can be harnessed to produce solar power. Solar power is clean and sustainable as its utilization does not emit greenhouse gases (GHG) into the atmosphere and it is continuously available so long as the Sun continues to radiate light and heat on to the Earth (Kim et al., 2017). However, a key factor which impacts the feasibility of solar power systems is the volatility involved in photovoltaic (PV) solar power generation. This volatility is caused by changes in weather and meteorological conditions. The steady production of solar power depends heavily on the presence of optimal weather conditions that enable a stable and abundant supply of solar energy to be captured by PV solar modules. These optimal weather conditions are uncontrollable and intermittent, hence causing the solar power output to fluctuate depending on the weather conditions (Chen et al., 2020; Das et al., 2018; Kim et al., 2019; Marcos et al., 2011; Nespoli et al., 2019; Seyedmahmoudian et al., 2018; Shivashankar et al., 2016).
A combined energy system consisting of fuel cell, water electrolyzer and solar technologies to produce hydrogen fuel and electricity
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2022
Jing Li, Chunyun Gao, Xutao Lu, Ali Hoseyni
As seen in Figure 1, the proposed energy system is composed of an electrolyzer, the solar PV panels and dish collectors with an SOFC to produce hydrogen fuel, heat, and electricity. The electrolyzer produces hydrogen fuel by receiving water, heat, and electricity. Water, electricity and heat are supplied from water tank, solar PV panels and dish collectors, respectively. Water enters the electrolyzer at a temperature of 25°C. Solar energy is converted into electricity by solar PV panels. Moreover, thermal energy is produced by irradiating sunlight to the dish collector and transferring heat to the working fluid. Thus, the electrolyzer produces hydrogen fuel by breaking down water into its constituent molecules. Hydrogen fuel can have a variety of applications, such as refueling vehicles. Another application is its use in refueling fuel cells to generate electrical and thermal energy. The energy obtained from the fuel cell can be more reliable compared to intermittent solar and wind energy. Therefore, the fuel and oxygen obtained from the electrolyzer are injected into an SOFC. In an SOFC, electricity is generated by electrochemical reactions with by-products of water and heat. It is assumed that the operating temperature of the SOFC and electrolyzer is the same (700°C). In addition, water is used as the heat transfer fluid of the dish collector. The following is the mathematical relationships required to model the energy system developed in MATLAB software.
Characterization of reduced graphene oxide/macrocyclic Fe(II) complex nanocomposite as the counter electrode in Pt-free dye-sensitized solar cells
Published in Journal of Coordination Chemistry, 2021
Kirandeep Kaur, Meenakshi Patyal, Nidhi Gupta
Fossil fuels are depleting which leads to an energy crisis and contributes to global warming. These problems require clean and renewable energy sources [1]. Energy obtained from the sun can be used directly to generate electricity, heat and light homes. Converting solar energy to electric energy is important to replace fossil fuels. The main benefit for using solar energy is that it is a renewable source of energy i.e. inexhaustible in nature, is not affected by any geographical location, and causes no environmental pollution. Various photovoltaic cells are used to convert sunlight into electric energy. Different photovoltaic cells such as cells made of silicon (Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), copper indium selenide/sulfide (CIS), perovskite and dye sensitized solar cells (DSSC) are used to convert solar energy to electric energy. Current research depends on improvement of device performance and reducing its manufacturing cost [1–13]. Grätzel et al. developed a new type of solar cell, the dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC), with advantage of high efficiency, less cost, and simple fabrication, as compared to traditional photovoltaic cells, which make them a strong source of solar energy conversion.