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Clinical Applications of Spectral Computed Tomography
Published in Katsuyuki Taguchi, Ira Blevis, Krzysztof Iniewski, Spectral, Photon Counting Computed Tomography, 2020
These characteristics are forcing compromises and should be remembered that an ideal contrast material would target the structure of interest – as for instance a tumor – and accumulate only in that structure. This would require developing a particle or molecule that interacts with parts of cells, binding areas, enzymes, etc. or might even be integrated into the structural elements of cells. Such a contrast media would be used to achieve the exact opposite of the current contrast CT contrast media: interaction with the human body on a molecular level. Significantly more sensitive imaging systems than a conventional CT scanner are necessary to detect the very small amounts of a contrast agent that would be accumulating in a targeted structure. Even the newest CT detector technologies are magnitudes less sensitive compared to standard nuclear medicine methods. This might explain why truly targeting CT contrast techniques never found their way into common clinical routine. Only a few semi-targeting contrast media like Iodipamide were developed and the excretion of this material into the bile ducts was more frequently used to detect obstructions or masses in these bile ducts during the early days of CT (4). Less invasive and clinical more relevant examinations like the magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) have meanwhile replaced these special CT techniques.
An Improved K-Means Clustering for Segmentation of Pancreatic Tumor from CT Images
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2021
R. Reena Roy, G. S. Anandha Mala
Biomedical imaging for the organ which is situated behind the stomach (i.e. pancreas) is done for the purpose of diagnosis, finding the stage of disease, and prediction of cancerous or non-cancerous conditions of the pancreas tissues. Medical imaging is a challenging process in case of detecting pancreatic cancer because of the complexity of the organ location and its shape. The early signs of pancreatic cancer are not known and not detected by the available imaging techniques unless it is widely spreaded to the other organs. Imaging of pancreas is done in numerous ways: CT scan (Computed Tomography)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)MRCP(Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography)ERCP(Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography)Ultrasonography (US)Pathology.