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Comparative Analysis of Diversity of India's Commercial Primary Energy Supply
Published in Anil Kumar Jain, Natural Gas in India, 2023
Here pi represents the share of fuel i in the energy mix, while lnpi is the natural log of pi. The respective shares of different fuels in energy mix are multiplied by their natural logarithm and summed up. The higher the value of ‘H’ the more diverse the energy mix is. While it is granted that use of just one attribute—energy share—to measure a complex issue like diversity is inadequate, however, the availability of different fuel sources in an energy mix offers many benefits including the prospect of fuel-switching if necessary, thereby, promoting energy security. Additionally, the above formula also addresses the aspect of ‘balance’ through the natural logarithm function. The index ascribes different values when fuel shares rise. When there is rise from a small share, the index rises disproportionately initially, and then the rate tapers off.7 Hence, it rewards moderate shares but not disproportionately large ones.
Energy Infrastructure
Published in Spiro N. Pollalis, Planning Sustainable Cities, 2016
The selection of sources to be used as feedstock to the energy system, and the definition of their contribution to the energy mix, imply the selection and implementation of adequate technologies. The use of varied sources provides the security of availability of alternate sources in the case of shortage in one source. For renewable sources to become major contributors to the energy mix, the problem of these sources’ intermittence has to be dealt with (wind and sun, for example, are dependent on natural phenomena, thus hard to predict or schedule in the short term). The importance of selecting various sources to supplement each other as backup is again highlighted. A system “needs a source mix that can react quickly to adjust electricity production to meet the sharp changes in electricity net demand”12 to ensure reliability.
The Game Changers
Published in Anco S. Blazev, Energy Security for The 21st Century, 2021
This is the only way to ensure our comforts today and our long-term survival as a civilized and progressive nation. Common sense also tells us that energy security is about safe and reliable access to not just one, but a diverse number of energy resources and procedures. It is very important that we have a choice how and when to produce and use these resources. According to IEA, energy security is “the uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price.” And that energy security is enhanced by having a diverse, efficient and flexible energy mix.
Assessing energy misperception in Europe: evidence from the European social survey
Published in Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 2022
Alessia Casamassima, Pasquale Marcello Falcone, Alessandro Sapio, Paola Tiranzoni
As mentioned in the Introduction, the goal of the study was to assess the determinants of differences between public preferences for energy sources and the actual energy mix; such differences may be interpreted as dissatisfaction with the share of a specific energy source, be it natural gas, nuclear power, solar power, or other. While dissatisfaction has been extensively studied in the context of climate change mitigation (Larson 2010; Van Rijnsoever and Farla 2014; Verschoor et al. 2020), the specific issue of a country-wide deviation from the energy mix desired by citizens has not yet received considerable attention. Therefore, in our research, we focused on public dissatisfaction with respect to the national energy mix. The energy mix is the break-down of electrical energy production according to the power-generating source (in percentage terms). Our analysis considers the following energy sources: coal, nuclear power, natural gas, hydroelectric power, solar power, wind power, and biomass. Specifically, we measure the extent to which public preference for the share of each energy source in the energy mix departed from the actual share.
Proactive maintenance of small wind turbines using IoT and machine learning models
Published in International Journal of Green Energy, 2022
Yoganand Selvaraj, Chithra Selvaraj
Wind energy is one of the most established and cost-competitive renewable energy sources walford (2006, 24). Renewable energy source is playing an important role in the global energy mix as a means of reducing the impact of energy production on climate change. Various machine learning models are suggested for condition monitoring of the small wind turbines, Adrian Stetco et al. [2018, 10] has done a literature of machine learning algorithms to be used for condition monitoring in wind turbines. It includes Data sources, Feature extraction and selection, model selection, validation, decision-making steps for detecting blade faults or monitoring bearing temperature. SCADA data are used for analysis, in which the linear regression, support vector machines, neural networks, and decision trees are mostly used models for their findings. Patel et al. [2017, 13] presents a generalized optimization way of power generation from wind farms. These wind farms are coupled with the electrical grid to supply an amount of power agreed upon a priori, irrespective of the associated penalty due to inherent randomness in the wind.
Energy audit and optimal power supply for a commercial building in Nigeria
Published in Cogent Engineering, 2018
Adeyinka Ajao Adewale, Aderibigbe Israel Adekitan, Ofukowoicho Jeremiah Idoko, Felix Ayoade Agbetuyi, Isaac Adekunle Samuel
The increasing global energy demand raises concern in respect to the depleting non-renewable energy sources and the attendant negative effects of fossil fuels on the environment such as climate change, global warming (Leung, 2018) and ozone layer depletion. Globally, there is a drift towards the harnessing and utilization of renewable energy sources in a bid to check the negative effect of fossil fuel on the ozone layer by greenhouse gas emissions. This calls for the continuous integration of cost-effective and environmental friendly alternative energy sources in the energy mix. Modern buildings incorporate various forms of green energy either in the form of solar and wind energy sources or by the use of energy-efficient building materials and building design methodologies (Alwetaishi & Gadi, 2018) with several in-built automatic switch devices for home automation purposes (Çomaklı & Yüksel, 2003, Sadrzadehrafiei et al., 2012).