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Efficient Ambient Energy-Harvesting Sources with Potential for IoT and Wireless Sensor Network Applications
Published in Deepti Agarwal, Kimmi Verma, Shabana Urooj, Energy Harvesting, 2023
The technique of obtaining energy from the environment is known as ambient energy harvesting. Solar and wind power, ocean waves, piezoelectricity, thermoelectricity, and physical movements are among the options available for energy scavenging. Recent investigations on prospective ambient energy-harvesting sources and systems for the Internet of Things (IoT) and wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are examined in this chapter. The ability to meet the power needs of autonomous wireless and portable devices is a major concern today. Energy storage has considerably improved in recent years. Battery-powered sensor nodes and components cannot work for a long duration. Energy conservation might be problematic in a large network with lots of sensor devices. So in terms of reducing maintenance and operational expenses, ambient power sources are being examined as a backup to batteries. Energy harvesting is the process of converting ambient energy into usable electrical energy. When compared to energy stored in conventional energy storage systems such as batteries and capacitors, the environment provides a virtually endless supply of useful energy. As systems shrink in size, less power becomes accessible, leading to a restricted run-time for batteries.
Nanogenerator Based Self-Powered Sensors for Healthcare Applications
Published in Suresh Kaushik, Vijay Soni, Efstathia Skotti, Nanosensors for Futuristic Smart and Intelligent Healthcare Systems, 2022
Gaurav Khandelwa, Pandey Rajagopalan, Nirmal Prashanth Maria Joseph Raj, Xiaozhi Wang, Sang-Jae Kim
Numerous renewable energy sources like wind, solar, thermoelectric, etc., are utilized for various purposes. The energy harvesting devices convert different energy sources into electricity by utilizing mechanisms like contact-electrification, photovoltaic effect, piezoelectric effect, electromagnetic and electrostatic induction, etc. Among energy harvesting devices, nanogenerators (NGs), especially piezoelectric (PENG) and triboelectric (TENG), are of great interest due to their attractive attributes. The TENG and PENG are light-weight, can be designed as eco-friendly devices, and can be used for hybrid devices. The TENG has an added advantage of wide material choice, numerous device designs and high voltage. The advantages of NGs make them ideal for broad applications like physical, biological and chemical sensors, drug delivery, cell stimulation, implantable devices, water filtration, etc., as summarized in Figure 1. The application of NGs for healthcare sensors is paramount. The NG-based sensors can improve the patient’s quality of life while maintaining the durability and never-ending uninterrupted power supply.
Techniques used for structural health monitoring and its application: A review
Published in Alka Mahajan, Parul Patel, Priyanka Sharma, Technologies for Sustainable Development, 2020
Gaurav Raj, Nirav Chaudhari, Arihant Jain, Mamta Sharma
Energy harvesting is defined as the process of extraction energy from the surrounding system or environment and its conversion to useable electrical energy. The energy is aimed to be captured from ambient sources as well as other generated energy sources. Rapid advancements in microprocessors and wireless technologies over the last decade has drastic influenced the use of autonomous systems for structural health monitoring [4]. Use of wireless technologies for Structural health monitoring possess multiple advantages over the traditional methods as discussed above. The most substantial advantage is that this system can provide continuous and real time monitoring without enormous investment and complex networks. The Structural Health monitoring system functioning can be broadly classified into 3 (three) categories as explained below:
Geometric modifications to bluff body for enhanced performance in a wind-induced vibration energy harvester
Published in Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures, 2023
Anjani Kumar Sagar, Jitendra Adhikari, Reeta Chauhan, Rajeev Kumar
Renewable energy sources have always been demonstrated to be safe, clean, and environmentally friendly for the long term, but conventional energy sources are destructive to the environment due to their polluting nature and limited supply. Energy requirements for many standalone devices such as wireless and other electronic systems are mostly dependent on conventional battery sources, which have high cost and smaller life hence, the demand for renewable energy solutions fostering to the research focusing the sustainable energy sources. Energy harvesting is a technique where we can provide energy to the standalone systems in the same place where they are installed by capturing energy which is available around such systems by renewable means that can leads to self-powering of such applications. Energy is harvested in many forms from the environment, including vibrations, light, heat, magnetic effect, and human motion, among others [1]. Vibration-based energy harvesting is being studied by many researchers because it has the large potential to harvest wind energy that is always available around us. These aerodynamic vibrations from wind can be utilized using piezoelectric materials. Piezoelectric materials are the smart transducer materials which can convert small deformation in its geometry into the voltage and vice versa [2]. Piezoelectric transducers with newly invented advanced materials have shown great potential for several applications such as nanoelectronics advancement [3] and energy harvesting based on nano composite flexible films and nanogenerator sensors for human motion [4] and wearable devices [5–7].
Hybrid Optimization Assisted Green Power Allocation Model for QoS-Driven Energy-Efficiency in 5G Networks
Published in Cybernetics and Systems, 2023
Shriganesh Yadav, Sameer Nanivadekar
With the introduction of energy harvesting techniques, renewable energy (RE) sources (such as solar, wind, etc.), which power BSs, can be used in 5 G networks to further reduce carbon emissions and achieve green mobile communication in addition to EE and resource optimization in a system with algorithms. Energy harvesting is a device that can gather affordable, clean RE from the environment, making it both environmentally and economically sustainable. It has received a lot of interest and has undergone substantial research. The problem of resource allocation has been thoroughly researched in cellular networks with energy harvesting to maximize system EE while reducing energy consumption at the BSs. In addition, the 5 G mobile networks (Santoyo-González and Cervelló-Pastor 2018; Kumar and Om 2020; Matinmikko et al. 2018) were established to meet the requirements for rising data traffic, produced by the ever-increasing count of cellular devices and their bandwidth-keen cellular appliances (Yang et al. 2019; Skondras, Michalas, and Vergados 2019). The system features of 5 G networks involve a very higher data rate, extremely lower latency, and large capacity to maintain a variety of media-rich cellular appliances with high QoS requirements (Liao et al. 2018; Akyildiz et al. 2018). In wireless communiqué systems, the QoS constraints such as (packet loss rate, delay, bandwidth, etc.) are much more significant than control of the user-perceived QoS (Li et al. 2021; Catani et al. 2021).
Road pavement energy harvesting: A technological, economical and cost-benefit analysis
Published in Energy Sources, Part B: Economics, Planning, and Policy, 2022
F. Duarte, A. Silva, M. Barbosa, L. Carvalho
With the growing need for alternative and cleaner energy sources, research into energy harvesting technology has increased substantially over the last decade. Energy harvesting relies upon the capture and conversion of energy from ambient sources – which would otherwise be wasted – into new useful energy forms, such as electricity. Thus, it can have multiple applications in the urban environment (Khaligh and Onar 2009; Priya and Inman 2009), often as part and parcel of so-called smart city solutions (Carvalho 2015; Weddell and Magno 2018, June). Energy harvesting can be divided into two main technology fields: (1) macro energy harvesting, related to large-scale renewable sources such as wind, solar, hydro, and ocean energy; and (2) micro energy harvesting, mainly associated with electromagnetic, electrostatic, heat, thermal variations, mechanical vibrations, acoustic and body motion (Harb 2011). Within the latter, the potential of energy harvesting applied to road pavements has been widely recognized, as roadways and transport infrastructure provide promising resources due to their global coverage and continuous traffic-induced energy generation (Duarte, Ferreira, and Fael 2017; Gholikhani et al. 2019).