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Recovery of Metal from Electronic Waste for Sustainable Development (through Microbial Leaching/Bioprocesses)
Published in V. Sivasubramanian, Bioprocess Engineering for a Green Environment, 2018
Shankar Nalinakshan, Aneesh Vasudevan, J. Kanimozhi, V. Sivasubramanian
Worldwide modernization and development have increased pollution to peak levels, giving rise to global warming and human illness. Today, electronic waste recycling is important not only in terms of waste treatment but also from the perspective of valuable metal recovery. The value distribution for different electronic scrap samples shows that in cell phones, calculators, and printed circuit board scraps, precious metals make up more than 70% of the value; in TV boards and DVD players precious metals contribute to about 40% of the value. This indicates that precious metal recovery is the major economic driver in e-waste recycling. Copper and zinc are also valuable elements that can be recovered via e-waste recycling. Traditional technology, pyrometallurgy, has been used in the recovery of precious metals from waste electronic equipment. However, it has encountered some challenges related to environmental considerations. Consequently, state-of-the-art smelters are highly dependent on investments. Recent research on energy recovery from PC waste provides an example for using plastics in electronic waste. It has shown that thermal processing of e-waste provides an approach to recover energy from e-waste if a comprehensive emission control system is installed. In the past decade, attention has turned to hydrometallurgical processes for metal recovery from e-waste. It is believed that biotechnology is one of the most promising technologies in metallurgical processing. Bioleaching has been used to recover precious metals and copper from ores for many years. However, limited research has been carried out on the bioleaching of metals from electronic waste. Biosorption of precious metals from solutions has received a great deal of attention in the recent years. Compared with conventional methods, a biosorption-based process offers a number of advantages, including low operating costs, minimization of the volume of chemical and/or biological sludge to be handled, and high efficiency in detoxifying effluence. Recycling e-waste is important for resource and waste management as well as sustainable development. “Let’s join together for a clean and better tomorrow.”—Save Water, Save Earth.
A joint economic lot-size model for sustainable industries of recycled content products
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2020
Mostafa Parsa, Ali Shahandeh Nookabadi, Zümbül Atan
Sustainable development is defined as ‘development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs’ (World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) 1987). Over the last few years, there has been a significant increase in the demand for natural resources due to the population growth (Govindan and Hasanagic 2018). Estimations indicate that by 2050 production systems will annually devour about 140 billion tons of fossil fuels, ores, minerals and biomass (Santibanez Gonzalez, Koh, and Leung 2019) tripling the current material consumption (Govindan and Hasanagic 2018). To tackle the associated challenges, a transition towards Circular Economy (CE) is considered as a key action for sustainable development (Lechner and Reimann 2019) due to its substantial potential for reducing negative environmental impact while generating economic benefits (Bai et al. 2019). CE advocates regenerative and restorative production systems by closing the loop of the linear product lifecycle (Batista et al. 2019). The transition to CE has a high potential to generate a net benefit of 2.0 trillion US dollars in Europe and 4.5 trillion US dollars globally by 2030 (Li et al. 2020). Just through electronic waste recycling, CE can generate revenues of about 2.15 billion euro in Europe (Bressanelli, Perona, and Saccani 2019). The transition can also cut emissions from heavy industry by 296 million tons per year in the EU and 3.6 billion tons per year globally (Enkvist and Klevnäs 2018).
Challenges in supply chain redesign for the Circular Economy: a literature review and a multiple case study
Published in International Journal of Production Research, 2019
Gianmarco Bressanelli, Marco Perona, Nicola Saccani
CE differs from the linear economy, i.e. the traditional way in which goods are produced, sold and disposed of, since it decouples economic growth from resource extraction and environmental losses (Elia, Gnoni, and Tornese 2017). Therefore companies who decide to redesign their supply chain for CE may obtain environmental (Genovese et al. 2017), social (Ongondo et al. 2013) and economic benefits (Cucchiella et al. 2015). Supply chain management and configuration activities play a major role in this regard. For instance, through a Life Cycle Assessment, it has been demonstrated that circular supply chains for insulation materials – in which waste is utilised as raw materials – reduce the emissions of Carbon Dioxide by 60% (Nasir et al. 2017). Moreover, introducing a reverse logistics for the collection and renovation of WEEE in Europe has the potential to generate revenues of about 2.15 billion euro through electronic waste recycling (Cucchiella et al. 2015).
Understanding WeChat Users’ Behavior of Sharing Social Crisis Information
Published in International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 2018
Yang Chen, Chulu Liang, Danqing Cai
The last variable, BI mediates AB and its antecedent variables (Ajzen, 2011). Existing studies shown that BI can predict AB in using public transportations (Bamberg, Hunecke, & Blöbaum, 2007) and microblogging (Jiang et al., 2016). However, researchers also found intention-behavior gaps in studies such as about electronic waste recycling (Echegaray & Hansstein, 2017), solar energy usage (Hai, Moula, & Seppälä, in press), and rumor combating (Zhao et al., 2016). These findings indicated that the relationships between BI and AB are different in different cases. Thus, we want to examine the relationship of that within SCI sharing context by positing: H5: Behavioral intention will positively affect WeChat users’ actual behavior of sharing SCI.