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Materials for concretes in relation to durability
Published in Mark Alexander, Arnon Bentur, Sidney Mindess, Durability of Concrete, 2017
Mark Alexander, Arnon Bentur, Sidney Mindess
In most cases, not much can be done with the cementing materials themselves to eliminate leaching and efflorescence, or chemical attack from acids or from water containing significant amounts of industrial or agricultural wastes. These types of problems are governed by the chemistry of the cements and of the deleterious chemicals. As stated above, these reactions can be delayed only by using a low w/b and the use of certain SCMs. However, there are some instances in which altering the cement (or binder) chemistry can be highly beneficial.
Development of cement slurries for oil and gas wells lining in aggressive environment
Published in Vladimir Litvinenko, Youth technical sessions proceedings, 2019
M.Y. Merzlyakov, Jennifer R.R. Hernandez, Ch.A. Zhapkhandayev
One the main purposes of cementing is to create a barrier, which would shield casing from corrosion by formation fluids and as a consequence from losing load capacity. The most aggressive components within formation fluids are: hydrogen sulfide, salts of magnesium, carbon dioxide, alkali metals sulphides, sulphates, chlorides and etc.
Measuring stiffness of soils in situ
Published in Fusao Oka, Akira Murakami, Ryosuke Uzuoka, Sayuri Kimoto, Computer Methods and Recent Advances in Geomechanics, 2014
Fusao Oka, Akira Murakami, Ryosuke Uzuoka, Sayuri Kimoto
During the following casing and cementing stage, hydration heats of cement can dissociation of methane hydrate around the borehole, and produced gas may make contamination of the cement. To minimize the dissociation, the choice of the cement and optimization of cementing operation are important to keep well integrity.
Adsorption of carboxyl-containing monomers on C3S: a first-principle study
Published in Petroleum Science and Technology, 2023
Shiming Zhou, Xia Miao, Chunyu Wang
Well cementing involves the injection of cement paste into the annulus of a wellbore between the casing and the formation to support the casing and borehole and seal distinct formations (Liu et al. 2016, Peng et al. 2018). In cement pastes, retarders are usually employed to increase the thickening time and assure the pumpability (Guo et al. 2014, Liu, Sanjayan, and Bu 2017, Bu et al. 2021, Zhang et al. 2021).Bearden unit of consistency (Bc), which is a measure of viscosity, describes the pumpability of a cement paste (Scherer, Funkhouser, and Peethamparan 2010). Commonly used retarders include lignosulfonates (Bassioni and Ali 2013), hydroxycarboxylic acids (Guo et al. 2017, Tiemeyer and Plank 2012, Zhang et al. 2016), saccharide compounds, cellulose derivatives (Moreira et al. 2018), organophosphonates (Qi, Zhu, and Cao 2013), etc. Every year, about 80,000 tons of lignosulfonates are used in the construction of oil wells around the world.
Study on water-based epoxy resin cementing fluid system
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2023
Xiaoying Wu, Yongjin Yu, Jun Zhao, Chi Zhang, Mingdan He, Ming Li
Cementing is to run a layer of casing into the well to a certain depth, and then inject cement slurry between the casing and the borehole to seal.[1] Cement slurry forms cement sheath after hardening, and its main function is to seal off formation and support casing.[2,3] However, due to the brittleness, poor deformability and mechanical properties of the cement sheath, when subjected to external load, it is easy to produce micro cracks and gaps in the interior or surface, which will lead to the destruction of the integrity of the cement sheath, the loss of interlayer isolation and the channeling of oil, gas and water.[4–6] Therefore, it would be worthwhile to investigate the use of water-based epoxy resin cementing fluid with good toughness and high strength to directly replace cement slurry for cementing.[7–9]
The synthesis of trimeric comb-type nonionic surfactants and their application in microemulsion flushing fluid
Published in Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology, 2018
Rui Zhang, Zi-jing Zhao, Xu Mao, Xu-yang Zhu, You-feng Cai, Heng Wang, Zhi-gang Peng
Table 4 lists the contact angle of the oil-based drilling fluid filter cake under different conditions using the static drop contact angle tester. The data in Table 4 show that after being flushed by ANC-MEFF, the contact angle of the filter cake decreased obviously, changing the wettability into hydrophilic or weakly hydrophilic, causing wetting reversal in the oil-based drilling fluid filter cake or the second interface of cementing. It is beneficial to improve the cementing quality of the cement slurry and stratum.