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Wall Systems
Published in Donald B. Corner, Jan C. Fillinger, Alison G. Kwok, Passive House Details, 2017
Donald B. Corner, Jan C. Fillinger, Alison G. Kwok
The MARTak Rest/Work Space is designed to weather the hard winters in a ponderosa pine mountain forest of Colorado and be self-supporting, without purchased electricity. The approach also uses the cradle-to-cradle model by carefully selecting materials that are either fully recyclable or completely organic. The project reused material from an existing shop, including a tire wall foundation. The unique wedge shape is informed and inspired by the local hogback mountains in the area. The angled face of the building increases solar gain, improving performance and reducing materials and cost, while allowing existing trees to provide shade in summer. The Intus triple-glazed windows provide excellent solar gain but reduce thermal losses by over-insulating the frames. An active phase change thermal mass material is used to reduce occurrences of overheating, and exterior thermal shading will be incorporated to reduce swing season solar gains. The house uses no foam and incorporated a broad strategy of fire-wise measures for resiliency.
Climate resilient slope stabilization for transport infrastructures
Published in Gianluca Dell’Acqua, Fred Wegman, Transport Infrastructure and Systems, 2017
Retaining walls. For constructing a vegetated dry masonry wall brush and hedge layering was applied at every 0.5 m height of the dry masonry wall. Brushwood of poplar, willow, mulberry and seedlings of Robinea pseudoacacia were used in the brush layering treatment. Although used vehicle tires have been used for constructing retaining walls in different parts of the world, the use of a vegetated used tire wall was pioneered under this project for the first time in 2015. Used tires were placed in staggered layers with stakes and seedlings planted in the earth-filled tire. In addition to the plantings, brush layering treatment was also applied to each layer of tires (Figure 6).
Design, construction and maintenance of haul roads for heavy loads
Published in Tad S. Golosinski, Val Srajer, Off-Highway Haulage in Surface Mines, 1989
R.S. Shukla, I.R. Arya, M.C. Harit
The contact pressure between the wheel and the deflections under a single tire and under a set of duals are as follows: road depends on the tire inflation pressure and the stiffness of the tire sidewalls. However for practical purposes, if the tire wall effect is neglected, the contact pressure is assumed to be equal to the tire pressure. The contact pressure is usually assumed to be uniformly distributed, and the contact area is approximately elliptical. For simplicity in the calculations (without much error), the contact area is considered to be circular in shape.
Critical groove depth and width for maintenance management of runway pavements
Published in International Journal of Pavement Engineering, 2022
Y. Liu, L. Chu, J. Peng, T. F. Fwa
An accurate representation of the three-dimensional free-surface turbulent flow of water around the tire-pavement contact area is critical to the correct calculation of Fx and SNV. Besides Fd which is directly dependent upon the relative tire-water speed and the wetted area of the tire, Fc is also affected by the decrease in tire-pavement contact area caused by a hydrodynamic uplift force acting on the tire wall. In addition, Fh is affected by dynamic tire wall deformation as water impact on the tire. The fluid sub-model consisted of velocity inlets and outlets and was analyzed using the volume of fluid method. In the simulation of tire-fluid-pavement interaction, a moving tire frame of reference was adopted and the fluid flowed on the pavement surface toward the tire at a speed equal to the aircraft speed.
Research on hoop capacity of composite foundation of discarded rubber tires
Published in European Journal of Environmental and Civil Engineering, 2022
Feng-Chi Wang, Jun Li, Zhen-Huan Lin, Pei-Pei Tian, Han-Yu Zhao
The p-s curve and the variation of circumferential strain under confined and unconfined conditions were obtained through vertical loading tests, and tension tests of tire strips on different types of tire were carried out. The distribution of circumferential stress along the section of the tire was studied. The hoop contribution degree on each part to the whole tire hoop capability of an R14 tire was analysed. The following conclusions are drawn:Before the steel wires or fibres in the tires are broken, they always have a hoop effect on the composite foundation, which makes the internal filling gradually compacted and in the elastic stage until the steel wire or fibre is pulled off, the hoop effect disappears suddenly, and shear failure occurs immediately in the filled sand. The ultimate bearing capacity of composite foundation is very close to the proportional limit during loading, and the shear failure appears suddenly.Under the unconfined condition, the circumferential stress of the upper sidewall gradually decreases with the increase of radius, the stress of the inner tread presents a bell-shaped distribution with large middle and small end, and the stress of the lower sidewall presents a saddle-shaped distribution with large end and small middle. The circumferential stress of the upper tire wall presents saddle-shaped distribution under the confined condition. When the vertical load reaches 1.4 MPa, the stress distribution on the inner tread is relatively uniform, and stress concentration on the lower sidewall occurs. With the increase of the vertical load, the circumferential stress on each part increases accordingly. The calculation curve of the circumferential stress can reasonably describe the development law of the circumferential stress in the lateral confined case and unconfined case.Irrespective of whether confining condition exists or not, the hoop contribution of tread to the composite foundation is the largest. Under the unconfined condition, the hoop contribution of the upper sidewall gradually decreases with vertical load increasing, and the hoop contribution degree of the lower sidewall gradually increases. Under the confined condition, the hoop contribution degree of the tread accounts for more than 60% of the whole tire body hoop ability. With the increase of vertical load, the hoop contribution degree of tread decreases slightly, while the lower sidewall increases slightly, and the upper sidewall changes obviously.An exponential function can be used to fit the relationship between the radial stress and vertical load of the R14 foundation. The fitting correlation coefficient can reach 0.9961. There is a logarithmic relationship between the vertical strain and vertical load, and the fitting correlation coefficient exceeds 0.9966. The functional relationship between the circular stress and vertical load derived in this study can reasonably describe the variation law of radial stress.