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Mechanical principles of dynamic engineering systems
Published in Alan Darbyshire, Charles Gibson, Mechanical Engineering, 2023
Alan Darbyshire, Charles Gibson
With any object that is moving their will be forces that resist their motion whether that be by friction or aerodynamic resistance due to the flow of air over and around it. In vehicles, the forces that resist motion are aerodynamic and rolling friction forces that resist the rotation of the wheels, whether that be from friction in the transmission system, the amount of deformation of the tyres and can also include the amount of pressure within the tyres. If the tyre pressure is too low, the frictional resistance between the tyre and the road surface is increased, and conversely, if the pressure is too high, the frictional resistance is decreased.
Tire Innerliner
Published in Brendan Rodgers, Tire Engineering, 2020
Air pressure loss and the tire’s operation at low air pressure will result in structural weakness and degradation. Excessive oxidation will induce thermo-oxidative degradation of the casing compounds and belt materials, eventually causing a loss of adhesion, followed by separation. Ply end separations can occur due to increased flexing of the lower sidewall. whereas fatigue-related cracking of the innerliner and mid-sidewall can also cause tires to be removed from service.
Evaluation of hydroplaning potential using Mobile Lidar measurements for network-level pavement management applications
Published in Road Materials and Pavement Design, 2022
Charles F. Gurganusa, Shi Chang, Nasir G. Gharaibeh
A Monte Carlo simulation was performed to generate random data using a normal distribution with mean and standard deviation values for each vehicle characteristic. For tire tread depth, 5.5 mm (7/32 in.) was selected as the mean value and 1.9 mm (2.4/32 in.) was selected as the standard deviation. Typical new tires have approximately 8.7 mm (11/32 in.) tread depth and 1.6 mm (2/32 in.) tread depth is typically considered the legal limit of tire wear (Tirerack, 2017a). For tire pressure, a mean value of 241 kPa (35 psi) and a standard deviation of 48 kPa (7 psi) were used. Typical passenger vehicle tire pressure ranges from 207 kPa (30 psi) to 241 kPa (35 psi) (Tirerack, 2017b). To account for the larger-size vehicle use in the region of the case study, a mean vehicle weight of 19,500 N (4400 lb.) was used, with a standard deviation of 4250 N (950 lb.).
Twist beam development at an early design stage: Effect of suspension and body characteristics on rear suspension durability
Published in Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines, 2020
Guilherme Carneiro, Marco Túlio Anjos, Ernani Sales Palma
Another factor related to the force transmissibility is the tire pressure. Tire pressure is defined during development considering three factors: dynamic comfort, tire wear and fuel consumption. Tire pressure values may range from 28 to 40 Psi depending on vehicle class.Rear suspension torsional stiffness