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Refinery Reactors
Published in James G. Speight, Refinery Feedstocks, 2020
By way of definition, an adiabatic process is a thermodynamic process during which no energy is transferred as heat across the boundaries of the system. This does not exclude energy transfer as work. The adiabatic process provides a rigorous conceptual basis for the theory used to expound the first law of thermodynamics, and as such, it is a key concept in thermodynamics. Some chemical and physical processes occur so rapidly that they may be conveniently described by the adiabatic approximation, meaning that there is not enough time for the transfer of energy as heat to take place to or from the system. An adiabatic reactor is designed to enhance and promote such reactions.
Basic Thermal Science
Published in T. Agami Reddy, Jan F. Kreider, Peter S. Curtiss, Ari Rabl, Heating and Cooling of Buildings, 2016
T. Agami Reddy, Jan F. Kreider, Peter S. Curtiss, Ari Rabl
The second law states that when an isolated system undergoes a thermodynamic process, entropy can remain unchanged (reversible process) or can increase (irreversible process), i.e., for a closed system: ΔS=Sfinal−Sinitial≥0
Background
Published in L. Piccirillo, G. Coppi, A. May, Miniature Sorption Coolers, 2018
L. Piccirillo, G. Coppi, A. May
The first law of thermodynamics expresses the conservation of energy for heat and thermodynamic processes. In terms of heat Q, internal energy U and work W the first law is written as: ΔU=Q+W $$ \begin{aligned} \Delta U = Q + W \end{aligned} $$
Design and Optimization of 4-Bit Array Multiplier with Adiabatic Logic Using 65 nm CMOS Technologies
Published in IETE Journal of Research, 2023
Divya Sharma, Amrita Rai, Sunita Debbarma, Om Prakash, Mukesh Kumar Ojha, Vijay Nath
In the field of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), the multiplier is used as most circuit for any computational architecture like CPU, arithmetic logical computation, and filter implementation. Power dissipation is a very important factor for this. To avoid power dissipation, various techniques are there in which adiabatic one of them. The term adiabatic refers to the thermodynamic process that exchanges no heat with the environment. In adiabatic logic, we did not give a constant supply VDD instead of a constant supply we give a pulse power supply to conserve the energy. In CMOS logic, as we use constant supply voltage then power is dissipated in discharging phase through the pull-down network but in adiabatic logic, as we used pulse power supply then in discharging phase the stored energy is feedback to its supply, so energy dissipation is reduced. Reducing the power subthreshold operation has become a promising option because of scaling down the applied voltage below the subthreshold voltage.