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Helical, Bevel, and Worm Gears
Published in Ansel C. Ugural, Mechanical Engineering Design, 2022
Turbines are often part of a large machine. Almost all electric power on earth is generated with a turbine of some type. Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. A steam turbine is used for the generation of electricity in thermal power plants, such as plants using coal, fuel oil, or nuclear fuel. Gas turbines are sometimes referred to as turbine engines. Such engines usually include an inlet, fan, compressor, combustor, and nozzle in addition to one or more turbines. Water turbines convert the potential energy of water on an upstream level into kinetic energy.
Helical, Bevel, and Worm Gears
Published in Ansel C. Ugural, Youngjin Chung, Errol A. Ugural, Mechanical Engineering Design, 2020
Ansel C. Ugural, Youngjin Chung, Errol A. Ugural
Turbines are often part of a large machine. Almost all electric power on earth is generated with a turbine of some type. Gas, steam, and water turbines have a casing around the blades that contains and controls the working fluid. A steam turbine is used for the generation of electricity in thermal power plants, such as plants using coal, fuel oil, or nuclear fuel. Gas turbines are sometimes referred to as turbine engines. Such engines usually include an inlet, fan, compressor, combustor, and nozzle in addition to one or more turbines. Water turbines convert the potential energy of water on an upstream level into kinetic energy.
Steam Turbines
Published in Neil Petchers, Combined Heating, Cooling & Power Handbook: Technologies & Applications, 2020
Causes of steam turbine performance deterioration include leakage, control damage, solid particle erosion, moisture erosion, steam path deposits, and foreign object damage. The quality of the turbine components and construction and the type of design are all important, particularly with respect to the ability of the blades to withstand the abuses of wet steam. More complex multi-staged turbines require greater care and attention than rugged single-stage turbines. Turbines designed with small clearances, as is common with reaction turbines, also require greater maintenance. Simple design produces greater reliability, less maintenance, and longer service life.
Bivariate replacement policy for a system subject to shocks
Published in Quality Technology & Quantitative Management, 2023
Shey-Huei Sheu, Tzu-Hsin Liu, Wei-Teng Sheu, Jau-Chuan Ke, Zhe-George Zhang
Another example is a steam boiler power generation system in the electric power industries (refer to Tsai et al., 2017). The operation of the system is as follows. The cold water is extracted by a pump and sent to the boiler. The water can be heated via the pipe. The overheated steam thus produced can then be used to produce power via a steam turbine. When the steam boiler heater works abnormally, this may result in the steam being heated to an excessively high temperature, creating high pressure, and flow rate. At this time, the ultra-high-pressure steam flows into the pipe, which usually produces a water hammer effect at the valve closure or the elbow of the pipe device. It will lead to some cumulative damage to the pipe. It may also cause cumulative deformation, expansion, or even explosion of the pipeline if ultra-high-temperature steam flows into the pipeline. The cumulative damage may cause major harmful accidents which will significantly reduce corporate profits. Therefore, system managers should promptly repair or timely replace related facilities when necessary to reduce the risk of such major accidents. This work could be applied to this actual system by considering unit 1 as a steam boiler heater, and unit 2 as a pipe. Hence, the policy under consideration provides a general framework for analyzing maintenance policies for many practical systems. A similar situation is likely to occur in industries such as nuclear power and general chemical.
Optimization research on load dispatch in gas-steam combined cycle units
Published in Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 2020
Hui Gu, Hongxia Zhu, Fengqi Si
A cogeneration gas turbine power plant is taken as the case study specifically, including a one-one (one gas turbine driving a steam turbine) unit and a two-one (two gas turbines driving a steam turbine) unit. These three gas turbines are SGT5-4000 F(+) heavy duty gas turbines, and the three waste heat boilers are UG-SCC5-4000 F-R vertical, natural circulation, three-pressure reheating, non-supplementary combustion, fully enclosed arrangement boilers. The two steam turbines are single-axis reaction type, high and medium pressure cylinder, double-cylinder exhaust, three-pressure, reheat, non-regeneration turbines. The two-one combined cycle unit is composed of two gas turbines, two waste heat boilers, and one steam turbine, with a more complex thermodynamic system. In the variable load operation, the two-one unit can operate either in the two-one mode or in the one-one mode. Thus, when dealing with two-one units dispatch problems, the objective function, constraints, and energy consumption characteristic equation is more difficult than those of the one-one units.