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Case Studies in Machine Design
Published in Ansel C. Ugural, Youngjin Chung, Errol A. Ugural, MECHANICAL DESIGN of Machine Components, 2018
Ansel C. Ugural, Youngjin Chung, Errol A. Ugural
The earliest cranes were constructed from wood, with cast iron and steel taking over during the Industrial Revolution. They were powered by men or animals and employed for the construction of tall buildings. Larger cranes were developed using treadwheels that permit the lifting of heavier weights. In the Middle Ages, harbor cranes were introduced to load and unload ships and assist with their construction—some were built into stone towers for extra strength and stability. For many centuries, hoists in watermills and windmills were driven by the harnessed natural power. The first mechanical power was provided by steam engines, which lead to the earliest steam crane in the early nineteenth century. Many remained in use well into the late twentieth century.
Case Studies in Machine Design
Published in Ansel C. Ugural, Mechanical Engineering Design, 2022
The earliest cranes were constructed from wood, with cast iron and steel taking over during the Industrial Revolution. They were powered by men or animals and employed for the construction of tall buildings. Larger cranes were developed using treadwheels that permitted the lifting of heavier weights. In the Middle Ages, harbor cranes were introduced to load and unload ships and assist with their construction—some were built into stone towers for extra strength and stability. For many centuries, hoists in watermills and windmills were driven by the harnessed natural power. The first mechanical power was provided by steam engines, which led to the earliest steam crane in the early nineteenth century. Many remained in use well into the late twentieth century.
Case Studies in Machine Design
Published in Ansel C. Ugural, Youngjin Chung, Errol A. Ugural, Mechanical Engineering Design, 2020
Ansel C. Ugural, Youngjin Chung, Errol A. Ugural
The earliest cranes were constructed from wood, with cast iron and steel taking over during the Industrial Revolution. They were powered by men or animals and employed for the construction of tall buildings. Larger cranes were developed using treadwheels that permitted the lifting of heavier weights. In the Middle Ages, harbor cranes were introduced to load and unload ships and assist with their construction—some were built into stone towers for extra strength and stability. For many centuries, hoists in watermills and windmills were driven by the harnessed natural power. The first mechanical power was provided by steam engines, which led to the earliest steam crane in the early nineteenth century. Many remained in use well into the late twentieth century.
Extending urban stories through artistic research: the case of Jetty Street
Published in Journal of Urban Design, 2019
In 2012, Te Whaka was pulled up Dunedin’s Birch Street slipway and cut up for scrap. Lawrie Forbes (as Zeal Steel) bought 50 tons of the 350-ton vessel, including ‘the bow, stern amidships, steam crane pillar section, funnel, vents, propeller shaft and numerous sections of hull plating and deck’ (Lawrie Forbes, personal communication, 13 February 2017). Used in the feature wall are two sections of Te Whaka’s hull and framing that had been forward of the stern, cut at the first bulkhead and connected at the keel. These sections showcase twentieth-century ship building technique; the steel plates and angle iron frames of which they are composed endured significant heating and forming to create the flowing curves seen today (Lawrie Forbes, personal communication, 13 February 2017). The overbridge abutment at Jetty Street now frames Te Whaka’s flowing curves, repurposed in a form suggestive of a pennant. This new structure can be understood as a symbol of the time where pennants were flown from ships’ masts to signal an occasion or arrival in the port, as would have been the case at Jetty Street wharf (Lawrie Forbes, personal communication, 17 December 2018). If their timing in history had correlated differently, Te Whaka (being a flat-bottomed vessel) would have berthed at Jetty Street. Today, their histories are newly intertwined as a regenerative steel and green wall composition. Leading this composition is the bow section of the Arataki, whose name translates as ‘to lead’. In a 2015 New Zealand Herald article, Dunedin engineer Don Milne recalled Arataki from the 1970s, when it was used to service the various lighthouses and Little Barrier Island: She just loomed up out of the dark. It was a thing to behold. Listening to her coming alongside was like a symphony … It was a marvel to listen to, it was just marvellous having the sounds and the bells and the hissing and rush of air. (Borley 2015, n.p.)